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: )INGN0VEMBER30 1917 For Reference
Not to be taken from this library
Public Document No. 54
TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE MASSACHUSETTS HIGHWAY COMMISSIO]^,
For the Fiscal Year ending November 30, 1917.
January, 1918.
BOSTON: WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS, 32 DERNE STREET. 1918. Publication of this Document approved by the SuPEBvisoR OF Administration. To the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the Com^non- wealth of Massachusetts in General Court assembled.
The undersigned commissioners, appointed under the provi- sions of chapter 476 of the Acts of 1893 and of chapter 474 of the Acts of 1900, herewith submit their twenty-fifth annual report, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 344 of the General Acts of 1917, for the fiscal year ending Nov. 30, 1917.
WM. D. SOHIER. F. D. KEMP. JAMES W. SYNAN.
Boston, Mass., Jan. 2, 1918. Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2015
https://archive.org/details/annualreportmass1917mass ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MASSACHUSETTS HIGHWAY COMMISSION.
The Board consists of the same members as last year. Mr. Frank D. Kemp was reappointed by Governor McCall on Jan. 31, 1917. Organization.
The Commission has under its charge road work, the regis- tration of motor vehicles and the licensing of the operators thereof, as well as the investigation of automobile accidents.
There is a department for the highway work and another for motor vehicles, with a separate division for the investigation of accidents and the examination of operators. A chart is in- cluded in the 1913 report, showing the organization more in detail. Seceetary's Department.
The several departments report to the Commission through its secretary, F. I. Bieler. His assistant is Fred Fair.
Recording and Accounting Departments.
The records of the Commission are in charge of the recording secretary, Mary A. Riley.
The accounting department, which has charge of all expendi- tures, vouchers, the making of schedules, pay rolls, etc., is in charge of the auditor, John M. McCarthy.
Highway Department.
This department has charge of all road and bridge work, ad-
vice to municipal authorities, etc. At the head of it is the chief
engineer, A. W. Dean, whose assistant is S. A. Parsons. The office engineering department, which makes the surveys, pre-
pares all plans and estimates, etc., is in charge of A. M. Lovis,
whose assistant is Arthur Larrabee. In this department are employed from 60 to 120 engineers, draftsmen, instrumentmen 6 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
and rodmen, depending on the season of the year and the amount of work on hand. The engineering force has materially decreased since the commencement of the war with Germany. About 50 men have already enlisted in the military service, and
it is likely that many more will be called.
The State is divided into four divisions, each in charge of a division engineer, and each division engineer has one or two assistants in charge of particular work, like "small town" work, maintenance, etc., and as many resident engineers are assigned to his division from time to time as are necessary to supervise and inspect the actual work which is in progress.
Division I. is in charge of J. A. Johnston, with headquarters at Springfield, A. D. Dadley being the assistant division en- gineer. This division includes most of Berkshire County, Hampden and Hampshire counties and a large part of Worces- ter County. It is divided into five districts, each in charge of a district engineer. The Worcester District is in charge of
L. T. C. Loring; the Connecticut Valley East District is in charge of E. H. Smith; the Connecticut Valley West District is in charge of E. S. Bingham; the Southern Berkshire District is in charge of G. N. Willis; and the Northern Berkshire Dis- trict is in charge of G. A. Curtis.
Division II. is in charge of C. H. Howes, with headquarters at Greenfield. This division includes Franklin County, a part of Hampshire County, and many towns in the northern part of Worcester County; also the road down Hoosac Mountain into North Adams. W. G. Burns, who had charge of a district, has enlisted in the Engineer Reserves, and has been mustered into the service as a captain. The eastern district is in charge of C. S. Tinkham, and since the enlistment of Mr. Burns, L. R. Sellew has had charge of most of the work in the western district.
Division III. is in charge of F. C. Pillsbury, whose assistant division engineer is D. H. Dickinson. The headquarters of this division are at Boston, the division including the eastern part of Worcester County, Middlesex, Essex and Suffolk counties and a part of Norfolk County. A large number of construction jobs, both "small town" and work under special acts, have been done under the direction of F. D. Sabin. The mainte- No. 54.] HEARINGS. 7 nance, patching, oiling, etc., have been under the charge of R. C. Heath, who recently left the employ of the Commission to accept a position as assistant to the State Highway Commis- sioner of Kentucky. A large portion of the reconstruction and some of the construction work has been under the charge of R. W. Coburn.
Division IV. is in charge of W. R. Farrington, with H. C. Holden as assistant division engineer. This division includes part of Norfolk County and Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable, Dukes and Nantucket counties, the headquarters being at
Middleborough. The district south of Middleborough is in charge of H. O. Parker, and the district north of Middleborough
is in charge of A. T. Edwards. H. D. Phillips has during the past year had charge of the special work which has been done in the western part of the State under the provisions of chapter 221 of the General Acts of 1915.
It is due to the skill and energy of the above-mentioned en- gineers that so much valuable work was accomplished this year, in spite of the extremely adverse conditions.
Motor Vehicles.
The automobile department, which is engaged in the regis- tration of motor vehicles and the licensing of the operators thereof, including the collection of fees therefor, is under the charge of E. J. O'Hara. In this department there are from 50 to 100 assistants, clerks, stenographers, shippers, etc., depend- ing on the season of the year.
Examinations and Investigations.
This subdepartment, which conducts all the examinations of applicants for chauffeurs' licenses, etc., and investigates motor vehicle accidents, is in charge of F. L. Austin. There are 25 other examiners and investigators employed in this work.
Hearings. During the year 424 hearings were given on automobile com- plaints and accidents and matters relating to the registration and operation of motor vehicles. Public hearings were given on 8 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. special regulations made by municipal authorities affecting the use and operation of motor vehicles in Boston, Brockton, Haverhill and Swampscott. There were 19 hearings given on petitions for the location, extension and relocation of street railways on State highways. In addition to the regular hearings held in each of the 14 counties, the Commission gave many hearings on petitions from various cities and towns for State highways or for aid in the improvement of town ways. Besides these formal hearings given at the office or elsewhere to the authorities or representatives of the cities or towns, one or more members of the Commission met the municipal author- ities, or inspected the roads to be built or improved by the municipalities or otherwise, in more than three-quarters of the towns in the Commonwealth.
State Highways.
During the year ending Nov. 30, 1917, the Commission com- pleted work on about 31 miles of State highway, portions of which were laid out in 1916. Construction was commenced, but not completed, on over 6 miles of road in 6 cities and towns. Layouts were made of about 53.62 miles of State highway in 36 cities and towns. The total length of State highways at the end of the year was 1,208.60 miles. The total expenditures by the Commission from State funds for the construction of State highways since the work began, including the planting of trees, amounts to $12,387,162.51. It must be remembered that the counties repay to the Common- wealth one-fourth of the cost of constructing these highways.
On Nov. 30, 1917, the total amount of bonds issued on ac- count of State highway construction was only $11,767,000. The sinking fund established by law amounted to $3,192,549.39, and serial bonds had been retired amounting to $1,944,500, a total of $5,137,049.39; consequently the net debt was only $6,629,950.61. The expenditures were over $12,300,000; the net debt was less than $6,630,000. The Commission feels safe in saying that the State highways could not be replaced in the condition they are now in, although some of them are over twenty years old, for considerably more No. 54.] SURVEYS, ESTIMATES, DESIGNS. 9 money than the amount of the net debt, and it doubts if they could be replaced for the gross amount of bonds now outstand- ing, with the great increase in the cost of labor and materials. Until 1913 there was only $500,000 a year available for the construction of State highways and for the work on ''small town'' roads, $75,000 of that amount going into the towns. The Legislature in 1912 authorized the expenditure of 15,000,- 000 during the following five years, not more than $1,000,000 to be spent in any one year for the above purposes. Of this amount, $150,000 is to be expended upon the "small town" roads, $100,000 of which is available only in case the towns contribute a like amount.
Petitions.
There were 1,000 petitions filed by the cities and towns for the laying out of State highways before this year, these petitions covering 2,329.20 miles of road. This year 13 petitions were received, covering 20.41 miles of road, making a total of 1,013 petitions now on file, covering about 2,349.61 miles of road in 30 cities and 269 towns.
Surveys, Estimates and Designs. During the year preliminary surveys, plans and estimates were made on contemplated State highways in 36 towns, cover- ing an aggregate distance of 55.6 miles. Lines and grade for construction work on State highways were made in 38 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 37.85 miles, and for resur- facing work in 31 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 36.67 miles. Some of this work was done on roads where con- struction was commenced in 1916. Final surveys were made on completed State highways in 24 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 30.50 miles, and on roads other than State highways in 28 towns, covering an ag- gregate distance of 32.51 miles. On "small town" and "motor vehicle fees fund" work, so called, preliminary surveys, including plans and profiles, were made in 88 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 63.35 miles. Line and grade for construction have been made on these roads in 94 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 10 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
56.99 miles. In addition to the above, surveys have been made in 7 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 2.13 miles, said roads to be constructed by the town, and line and grade for construction for this class have been made in 8 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 4.24 miles. Under special acts of the Legislature surveys have been made in 7 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 10.46 miles, and lines and grades for construction have been made in 5 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 5.80 miles. Under the ^'western counties" appropriation (chapter 221, General Acts of 1915) surveys have been made in 15 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 18.33 miles, and lines and* grades for construction have been made in 22 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 45.63 miles. Layout plans have been made of roads in 36 towns, covering an aggregate distance of 53.62 miles. Plans to accompany de- crees for street railway locations on State highways have been made in 28 towns.
Roads constructed in 1917.
Construction has been completed on 31.43 miles of State highway, 27.57 miles of highways under the provisions of the "small town" act, 54.67 miles of highways under the provisions of chapter 525 of the Acts of 1910, and 43.94 miles of highways under the provisions of special acts, making a total of 157.61 miles completed during the year. Of the above roads completed this year, 9.15 miles were of water-bound macadam; 49.41 miles were of gravel j 4.13 miles were of sand bound with asphalt; 33.43 miles were of bitumi- nous macadam, that is, macadam with bituminous binder in- corporated in the top course; 17.02 miles were of water-bound macadam with an oil surface applied; 17.10 miles were of crushed gravel with the top surface bound with asphalt; 8.64 miles were of cement concrete; 10.23 miles were of gravel with an oil surface applied; 1 mile was of sand and oil, layer method; .58 of a mile was of broken stone and tar, mixed; .30 of a mile was of Warrenite; .40 of a mile was of granite block on a con- crete foundation; and 6.22 miles were dirt roads, that is, sur- faced with the best available material. No. 54.] THE SEASON'S WORK. 11
Trees on State Highways.
In 1917, as for the past several years, the work of suppressing insect pests on the trees on the State highways has been done under the direction of the State Forester, Mr. F. W. Rane. The results obtained have been most satisfactory. Spraying was required in a number of localities to prevent the ravages of the elm-leaf beetle. This pest has made spraying necessary in many places where it was not required to prevent damage by the gypsy and brown-tail moths. Mr. Rane's report appears in Appendix B. During the last thirteen years 39,786 trees have been planted on the borders of the State highways, of which 9,360 were planted this year, the Commission continuing its policy of planting quick-growing trees and hedges to replace guard rails.
Permits.
There were 750 permits issued during the year for opening or occupying State highways for various purposes.
The Season's Work.
The Commission confined itself as far as possible to the work that had to be done, — the completing of the main through routes on roads that were of great commercial importance, fill- ing in the gaps, etc. It tried as far as possible to resurface and strengthen the weaker sections on the old State highways on main routes where the old road was worn out and where teams and trucks broke through in the spring, so the whole route would not be tied up. It endeavored to widen and make safe many sections of these main highways which were being con- stantly used by increasing numbers of motor vehicles, especially trucks, and where the old roads were too narrow and too much crowned to be safe. There are many sections on almost every main route that are unsafe now that so many vehicles are using the roads. Its work was almost entirely confined to such work on the main routes, and to constructing the roads which the Commission had been directed to construct by the Legislature and for which special appropriations had been made. 12 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
It has been extremely difficult to secure either laborers or teams. Prices have been constantly higher. At times it has seemed as if it were impossible to get work done, roads strength- ened and repaired, so they would be safe for travel and would not become absolutely impassable with the tremendous traffic that was using them. Thanks to the energy of the engineers in charge and their assistants, the old roads have been kept up in reasonably good condition, and many of the weakest sections have been widened and strengthened. The Commission has been unable to do a small part of what ought to be done, and has only done a portion of what it ex- pected and hoped to do, but still it can look back and feel that the roads as a whole are in fairly good condition and have come through the season well.
Many sections on main lines are still narrow and unsafe, and many sections are worn out and will soon break up and become impassable in the spring if used by heavy motor trucks, but on the whole the State highways are in as good condition as they were ever in before, and very many miles of improved highways have been constructed during the last few years by co-opera- tion between the Commonwealth, the counties and the munici- palities, and are still in good condition.
All through the season the Commission, in common with all others engaged in construction, have been handicapped by the inability of the railroads to transport the necessary materials. Our railroads have co-operated with us to the best of their ability, but there has been a constant lack of freight cars. Suddenly, and without any warning, just when every one was doing his utmost to get work done, at any rate so that the main roads could be opened up for travel during the winter, the government issued what is known as Priority Order Xo. 2, for- bidding the railroads to transport any materials for building roads in open-top freight cars. This order came out of a clear sky, and caught all the road authorities all over the country, with important main roads under construction or being recon^ structed, with winter coming along, and it was absolutely neces- sary that these roads should be put into condition so they could be used. The detours would often be impassable in the spring. In one division alone in this State there were over 60 roads on which construction was going on, and on which we were plan- No. 54.] CONDITIONS IN 1917. 13 ning to close down work in two or three weeks and open them up for the winter. Of course, on many of these roads local ma- terial was being used, so no harm was done, but on many of the others imported stone was necessary. The engineers have had to use the best materials they could obtain, and fix up these roads temporarily, so they could be used. In many places, however, conditions will be extremely bad, the roads rough, and the persons using them will be put to great inconvenience and expense, which could have been avoided if we could have had a few weeks' notice or two weeks longer in which to close down. Every one did the best he could, but the conditions were unfortunate, to say the least, especially now that our main roads have to be used to such a large extent to supplement the railroads in supplying the community. Conditions in 1917.
The past year has certainly been an extremely arduous one for every one concerned. It has required the utmost exertion and tireless energy, not only on the part of the engineers, but on the part of the contractors. There was a good deal of wet weather in the Spring which delayed all work, especially the maintenance work. Laborers were extremely scarce and were constantly getting harder to secure, especially after the govern- ment commenced its work on the cantonments and shipbuilding plants, and contractors working on a percentage basis offered higher wages than were being paid elsewhere. Many of the contractors had been awarded contracts one year and even two years before, when labor was plenty and wages low, but had not managed to complete the work, and were forced to face the labor prices of 1917. Where the Com- mission was doing its own work by force account, as most of the maintenance work had to be done, it had to meet the same conditions. Wages went higher and higher, and, what was equally troublesome and expensive, the laborers became extremely in- efficient — had no intention of doing a fair amount of work even for high pay. They knew they could easily procure work elsewhere. Many of the contractors and foremen have informed the Commission that this inefficiency of the laborer added as much as the higher wages, or more, to the cost of the work. 14 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Contractors were constantly losing their Gangs,
When the government work started, many of the contractors who were paying $2.80 to $3, or even S3. 50, a day for eight hours' work had their laborers leave to get S4 a day or more for ten hours' work for the government. This was especially true of work going on near the Ayer cantonment. This condition soon began to show in the prices bid by the contractors both for construction and reconstruction.
Contract Prices constantly becoming Higher.
When the Commission began to advertise its contracts in the spring it became evident that prices were going to be high and
that very few contractors were willing to bid at all.
On a number of contracts that were advertised no bids at all were received, and on a large number of others only two or three contractors put in any bid. There were very f^w jobs that had seven or eight bidders, while in former years ten to fifteen bidders were very common. All the prices were high. Early in the year the average prices bid were from 30 to 50 per cent, higher than in former years, but by the middle or end of the year either no bids at all were received or the prices bid were practically double the usual price for such work. Conse- quently the Commission could not let a good many contracts for work that was of great necessity. If the work was to be done at all it had to be done on a force account, the engineers taking charge of the work and securing foremen and the neces- sary laborers to do it. Much more work than ever before has had to be done in this manner. The results, however, have been surprisingly good.
In many cases the work has been done for very little, if any, more than it cost formerly. In practically every instance it has cost less than the average of the lowest prices bid.
Realizing early in the spring that it was going to be extremely difficult to secure laborers, and feeling that it was its duty to do its utmost to comply with the directions of the Legislature and to build the roads for w^hich special appropriations had been made, the Commission tried to arrange to get a substan- tial amount of work done on some of these roads. It was per- No. 54.] CONDITIONS IN 1917. 15 fectly evident that there was much more important work to do than there would be contractors willing to do it. It was also evident that if any substantial work was to be done on some of the routes in the five western counties, for which an appropria- tion of $2,000,000 had been made, some one must be secured to build the roads, and outside laborers and teams or trucks must be secured, because there was no local labor available. The Commission, therefore, decided to try to find some con- tractor who was familiar with labor conditions, who could pro- cure the necessary teams and laborers, furnish all the small tools and equipment, build the camps, run the commissary, and have the work done under the direction of the engineers prac- tically on a force account basis with a certain agreed margin of profit. So-called Percentage Contracts.
This form of contract was entirely new in the history of the Commission, and more nearly resembled a number of contracts made by the United States government.
The contractor was required to furnish all foremen, laborers, teams, small tools, etc., to pay general insurance but not work- men's compensation, to build the camps, keep the men supplied, etc. He was required to pay the pay roll in the first instance, and he was then reimbursed upon presentation of sworn pay rolls, all of which were checked by the Commission's timekeep- ers. This did not include the profit which was paid monthly on estimated quantities. The contract provided the maximum price which could be paid for laborers, teams, etc., unless the Commission subse- quently agreed to a higher price; for instance, in the first con- tract the maximum prices fixed for laborers were $2.80 a day of eight hours, teams $6 per day, etc., with prices fixed for dynamite men, foremen, etc. The Commission later in the summer agreed to allow $3 a day for laborers. The work was to be done when and as directed by the engineers. For this the contractor was to receive certain specified amounts for each item of material moved, work done, etc., which was based as nearly as possible upon the assumed cost of labor, teams, etc., necessary to produce the required product. On earth excavation he was to receive 6 cents for each cubic 16 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. yard excavated; for borrow, 6 cents for each cubic yard in place; for ledge, 14 cents for each cubic yard excavated; for masonry, 50 cents for each cubic yard in place; for gravel sur-
facing, 8 cents for each cubic yard in place; for stone filling, 8 cents for each cubic yard in place. Under this form of contract there was a very strong induce- ment offered to produce efficient and economical results. The more work the contractor procured for a certain labor cost the more money he got, and vice versa.
To illustrate, if it cost $6 to excavate 1 cubic yard of earth
the contractor only received 6 cents profit; if it cost 60 cents to
excavate that cubic yard of earth he still got 6 cents; and if he could get his excavation done for 40 or 50 cents a cubic yard
he still got 6 cents. In this respect these contracts made by the Commission were very different from the various percentage contracts, so many of which have had to be made this year by the government and other people. Most of those contracts provide for a maximum
price for laborers, materials, etc., until some other price is
agreed upon, but the contractor is allowed a percentage of profit upon the actual cost of the work. Quite often his per- centage of profit may be 10 per cent., until so much money has
been spent, and then he is to receive a constantly smaller per-
centage as more and more money is spent. In some instances
there is a limit on the total profit which is to be paid to him.
Nevertheless, one can easily see that there is a much greater inducement offered to a contractor under the contract which the Commission made, where the profit received depended en- tirely upon the amount of work done for a certain amount of money. The more work he could produce for SI the larger his percentage of profit, but the less the cost to the Common-
wealth for the result it secured. The Commission hoped and expected in the spring that under
this contract it could secure a very large number of laborers, teams, etc., and that a great deal of work could be accom-
plished. Labor conditions became so bad, however, that it proved impossible for the contractor to secure either enough men or teams. The maximum number of laborers that were secured at any one time under this contract was about 300.
No. 54.] DALTON- WINDSOR ROAD. 17
A very considerable amount of work was accomplished, how- ever, on several of the routes which the Commission was con- structing under the so-called western county act. Work was done under this contract on the route through Agawam and Southwick, the Becket and Otis route, the Hunt- ington-Worthington route, in Cummington on the route be- tween Northampton and Pittsfield, and the road in the town of Wales, about 4 miles long, was completed. While the final figures of actual cost have not yet been made, ' the engineers believe that for the work actually accomplished under the contract the Commonwealth will pay about the same amount of money that such work has cost in more normal years, and very much less than the lowest prices which have been bid for work which has been advertised this year. In two other places, one of them on one of the roads required to be built under the western county act and the other a resurfacing job, the Commission has adopted the same plan. In both in-
stances the Commission advertised for bids, and in both all the
bids were so high that it felt they should be rejected. For the construction of the road in Northampton over Main's Hill, after the bids were received the lowest bidder refused to take the contract, and the next lowest bidder finally agreed to take the contract upon substantially the same terms as the con- tract above described, with the further proviso that in no event should the total amount paid by the Commonwealth exceed the amount of his bid. He agreed that the prices bid were too high, but he wanted to be sure he was safe and was afraid of worse conditions. So far as we can now figure the work cost just about the amount of his bid. Exactly the same thing occurred when some resurfacing work was advertised for in Northampton and Easthampton. The prices bid were extremely high, there was only one bidder, and he agreed to sign a contract on substantially the above terms.
This work is not yet completed, so we cannot tell how it will come out. Dalton-Windsor Road.
Under the western county act the Commission was directed to build the uncompleted sections on the route between North- ampton and Pittsfield. One of these sections was over a new 18 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. and better route, which the engineers had found in Dalton and Windsor. This was practically over an entirely new route, so far as its construction was concerned, about 4 miles long, and requiring quite heavy grading. The soil conditions were bad and a foundation would be necessary practically all the way. The Commission advertised for bids to be submitted upon the same basis as the contracts above described. This contract was let to the lowest bidder on a basis of the payment of a profit of about 8 per cent, on the estimated labor cost, but he had to provide small tools, pay insurance, house and transport the men, etc., out of his profit. Under the contract he was to receive for each cubic yard of earth excavation or borrow, 5 cents; for each cubic yard of ledge excavation, 10 cents; for each ton of local broken stone rolled in place, 10 cents; for each cubic yard of stone filling in place, 7 cents. Work has been going on under this contract for some time, and substantial progress has been made. While these prices are somewhat lower than the ones in the other contracts made on this basis, the character of the ground is such that a large amount of work is being done by a steam shovel, and material is being moved on an industrial railroad, so that it is probable that the margin of profit paid will be at least as large, if not larger, than it is on the contracts where higher prices are allowed.
Experience demonstrates that this form of contract is of great advantage to the Commonwealth, and its adoption this year has produced excellent results, not only in saving money but in securing the construction of roads on which no work could otherwise have been done at any reasonable price.
Bridges and Culverts.
The following is a detailed list of the bridges and culverts of 8-foot span, or greater, built during the year 1917, or con- templated, and for which designs and plans have been prepared. The bridges in Bridgewater and Dedham were designed for, and built by, the towns, all of the others being built entirely or largely with State funds. No. 54.] BRIDGES AND CULVERTS. 19
Bridges built.
Ashfield — over branch of South River; concrete beam, 18.75-foot span. Bridgewater — over Taunton River; concrete beam, two 28.5-foot span. Charlemont — over Avery Brook; concrete beam, 18-foot span. Charlemont — over brook; concrete slab, 12-foot span. Charlemont — over Wilder Brook; concrete slab, 12-foot span. Charlemont — over brook; concrete slab, 11.75-foot span. Conway — over Pond Brook; concrete beam, 17-foot span. Conway — over South River; concrete beam, 21-foot span. Cummington — over brook; concrete beam, 14-foot span. Dedham — sidewalk on Ames Street bridge, Charles River; concrete beam, 12.3- foot span. Deerfield — over Mill River; concrete beam, 16.25-foot span. Egremont — over Karner or Guilder Brook; concrete beam, 24-foot span Fairhaven — over brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span. Heath — over Avery Brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span. Heath — over brook; concrete slab, 14-foot span. Heath — over Sheep Pond; concrete slab, 13-foot span. Huntington — over Pond Brook; concrete beam, 27-foot span. ^ Methuen — over Bartlett's Brook; concrete slab, 10-foot span. Millbury — over Blackstone River; concrete beam, 38 ± -foot span. Millbury — over Cordis Mill Canal; concrete beam, 30db-foot span. Monson — over Robbins Brook; concrete slab, 8.25-foot span. New Salem — over Red Brook; concrete beam, 22-foot span. Northampton — over Beaver River; concrete beam, 28-foot span. Otis — over Farmington River; concrete beam, 16-foot span. Otis — over Farmington River; concrete slab, 10-foot span. Otis — over branch of Farmington River; concrete slab, 10-foot span. South Hadley — over Stony Brook; concrete beam, 30 ± -foot span. Southwick — over Hampden Brook; concrete beam, 24-foot span. Sutton — over Manchaug Brook; concrete slab, 9-foot span. Ware — over Beaver Brook; concrete slab, 12.5-foot span. Wareham — over New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad widening steel ; bridge, 29.33-foot span. Washington — over west branch of Westfield River; concrete beam, 16-foot span. Williamstown — over Broad Brook; concrete beam, two 22-foot span. Windsor — over brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span.
Worthington — over Mill Pond ; concrete beam, 20-foot span.
Bridges contemplated. Amherst — over Fort River; concrete beam, two 30-foot span. Becket — over west branch of Westfield River; concrete beam, 25-foot span. Braintree — over Monatiquot River; concrete beam, one 15-foot span; two 11.5- foot span. Braintree — over Monatiquot River; concrete beam, 25-foot span. Cummington — over Westfield River; concrete arch, 80-foot span. Cummington — over branch of Westfield River; concrete arch, 36-foot span. Cummington — over Westfield River; concrete beam, 38-foot span. Dennis (West) — over brook; concrete beam, 13.5-foot span. Holden — over Unionville River; concrete beam, 18.5-foot span. Millbury — over Cordis Mill Canal; concrete beam, 18±-foot span. Monson — over Robbins Brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span. Otis — over Farmington River; concrete beam, 24-foot span. Warren — over Quabaug River; concrete arch, two 25-foot span. Williamstown — over east branch of Green River; concrete beam, 39-foot span. Windsor — over brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span. Windsor — over brook; concrete slab, 8-foot span. Worthington — over Little River; concrete beam, 21-foot span. 20 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Secondary and Other Routes.
Co-operation by the Municipalities. The municipalities are appropriating more money each year to co-operate with the Commonwealth in constructing and im- proving their roads. This year the Commission allotted money for work in 246 cities and towns. This included State highway construction and work done under special acts, as well as allot- ments made under the small town" act and from the motor vehicle fees. The towns and cities co-operated and made appropriations in about three-quarters of all the places in which work was done. In but 36 of these 246 municipalities were funds expended only from the State highway funds or from funds provided under special acts. In the other 210 work was done with money pro- vided from the "small town" and motor vehicle fees fund, though in a few of them work was done with money obtained from the State highway fund and under special acts also.
In addition to all this work the Commission also had to re- construct and widen certain sections of the old State highways, and all of them had to be maintained. In 1909, only eight years ago, the towns were appropriating less than $50,000 a year to co-operate with the State in im- proving town roads. The Commission had only $75,000 a year which it could expend on such roads, making $125,000 a year
available in all. The counties were not co-operating at all in this work. In 1917, only eight years later, 190 municipalities appropri- ated over $419,000, the counties appropriated over $133,000, and the Commission had available and allotted over $468,000, making over $1,000,000 available for the improvement of these secondary through routes in the towns. Eight times as much money was available in 1917 as was available in 1909. The towns and counties together in 1917 appropriated over four times as much money as the State and the towns had available in 1909. Surely the towns and counties deserve the greatest possible credit for such a remarkable showing. Surely,
also, the motorist is securing value received for the money
which he is paying into the motor vehicle fees fund. No. 54.] SECONDARY AND OTHER ROUTES. 21
Co-operation by the County Commissioners, The county commissioners have been co-operating with the towns and the Commission more and more every year for the last few years in appropriating money for the construction or improvement of important roads. In most places these roads are not State highway, though very often they are sufficiently important to justify the Commission in laying them out and maintaining them. This co-operation has resulted in the construction or improve- ment of twice to three times as many miles of road each year as we have been able to build as State highway heretofore with the money available. The money allotted by the Commission for these improve- ments has been taken from the motor vehicle fees fund, 20 per
cent, of which is available for use on main routes in the towns. There was over $300,000 available for such roads this year. The counties co-operated with the towns and the Commission in constructing or improving roads in 65 different towns this year. The Commission allotted from the motor vehicle fees for this work over $147,000; the 65 towns appropriated over $130,000, and the counties over $127,000, making over $405,000
available in all. Besides this, on one section of State highway the city of Woburn paid one-third of the cost, or $6,000, the county of Middlesex $6,000, and the Commission $6,000. This does not include ''small town'^ money nor a large amount of money expended by the Commission and the municipalities on many miles of road where the counties did not co-operate. There was a great difference in the amount done by the counties. Some did much more than others, and were willing to do even more than they did. Some counties could not afford to do much, but other counties which could have well
afforded to do a good deal did little or nothing. Bristol County put $3,000 into one town, the town appropri- ated $3,000, and the Commission allotted $3,000. Franklin County put $500 into one town, and the Commission allotted $500. Plymouth County put $1,093 into one town, the town appro- priated $1,093, and the Commission allotted $1,093. 22 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Berkshire County agreed to put $6,000 in all into 6 towns, the towns appropriated $3,000, and the Commission allotted $8,000, making $17,000 available. Worcester County agreed to put $8,100 into 7 towns, the towns appropriated $13,000, and the Commission allotted $22,600, making $43,700 available. This county also agreed to put $6,400 into 5 other towns, which would have made a total expenditure by the county of $14,500, but the towms did not make the necessary appropriations. Norfolk County agreed to put $15,344 into 9 towns, the towns appropriated $20,944, and the Commission allotted $16,344, making $52,634 available. Essex County agreed to put $16,943 into 10 towns, the towns appropriated $18,443, and the Commission allotted $18,443, making $53,829 available. Middlesex County agreed to put $76,200 into 30 towns, the towns appropriated $71,200, and the Commission allotted $77,800, making $225,200 available. This county also pays one-third of the cost of constructing a State highway in Wo- burn, or $6,000, the city pays $6,000, and the Commission
$6,000, or $18,000 in all. In the five western counties the county commissioners are di- rected to make all the layouts and to pay all land damages on all the routes which the Commission was directed to build under the provisions of chapter 221 of the General Acts of 1915. The act appropriated $2,000,000, and the counties are re- quired to pay back one-quarter of all this money expended, or
$500,000 in all, which money is to be used by the Commission in completing the specified routes or in building other important roads in the counties. In other counties, notably Middlesex, Norfolk and Essex, the county, in addition to contributing the money set forth above, made land takings to improve the locations, and paid the land and grade damages occasioned thereby. This co-operation by the counties and the municipalities has resulted in the improvement of many miles of road that could not otherwise have been improved.
In 1916, the first year in which a large amount of this co- operative work was done, including one section of State high- way in Woburn, the counties contributed $123,000, the munici- No. 54.] SECONDARY AND OTHER ROUTES. 23 palities $134,000, and the Commission $132,590 from the motor vehicle fees and $6,000 from State highway funds, making $394,590 available for this work. In 1917, including the Woburn State highway, the counties contributed $133,181, the municipalities $136,681, and the Com- mission $153,781 (including $6,000 from the State highway fund), making $423,643 available for this work. In these two years over $818,000 has been made available for the improvement of important roads by this co-operation be- tween the counties, the municipalities and the Commission.
Co-operation in improving Roads leading to Camp Devens.
Soon after war was declared the government selected a camp site at Ayer for one of its cantonments, about 1| miles from the railroad station. They immediately started to build a canton- ment to accommodate 22,000 soldiers and about 10,000 horses and mules. It has since been enlarged so that over 30,000 men can be stationed there. The Commission offered to co-operate with the government in every way possible to secure the construction of suitable roads both inside the camp and outside. Meantime, realizing the tremendous increase in traffic that would soon be using the roads, the Commission used every endeavor to get the worst places in the road from Boston to Ayer either constructed or improved, and the weaker portions, where the old State highway had broken up from frost, recon- structed and widened. A section of State highway was con- structed in Ayer, on the road from Littleton, costing over $35,000. The county commissioners of Middlesex County and the town of Littleton appropriated $15,000. to build the village street, which is on the main line. This work is not entirely completed, but will be early in the spring. The Commission has agreed to allot enough money from the motor vehicle fees to enable the town to build the approaches connecting with the State high- way. The Commission laid out as a State highway about three- quarters of a mile of road in Littleton connecting the village street with the State highway beyond leading to Ayer. Some of the old State highway on the road between Boston 24 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. and Concord, in Lincoln and Lexington, was worn out and broke up badly every spring, so the Commission advertised and let a contract for resurfacing and widening this section of road at an estimated cost of between $50,000 and $60,000. This work was started and fairly well under way when the contractor failed. The Commission thereupon, with the con- sent of the contractor, and after notifying the bond company, took over his machinery and equipment, put its engineers in charge, and proceeded with the work. It was impossible to complete it this fall, but a foundation has been put in in the worst places, and for a considerable distance the road has been completed. The uncompleted sections were improved as much as possible, and the whole road was thrown open to travel in December. It will probably remain passable and enable traffic to get through during the winter and spring, when the detours would have become impassable, and will be in much better condition than the old road was. This work will be completed early in the spring. Meantime, in the town of Harvard adjoining the camp, the county of Middlesex, the town and the Commission, each pay- ing one-third, were constructing a section of highway on the road leading to Still River, costing $12,000. It was evident even before the camp was built that the local country gravel and dirt roads, not only in Ayer but in the sur- rounding towns, would be entirely inadequate to carry the tremendous traffic which would soon be using the roads. Therefore the Commission took up with the towns the question of improving and oiling these roads. The town of Shirley, just west of the cantonment, appropri- ated $600, and the Commission allotted for them about $4,350, and several roads that would be used were improved. In Ayer the Commission allotted over $1,600 for the oiling and repair of the road leading to the camp. We also helped the town improve the detour which had to be used while the State highway was being constructed, the town and the Com- mission each contributing $700. In Lunenburg, on the main line to Fitchburg, the Commis- sion expended $2,400. No. 54.] SECONDARY AND OTHER ROUTES. 25
In Harvard the town and the Commission each appropriated $1,800, or $3,600 in all, to improve the main road between Ayer and Harvard. Over 15 miles of country road around the camp were im- proved in this manner, the Commission using motor vehicle fees. The old road was shaped up, all holes and depressions
filled, and as much gravel spread as could be obtained for the money available. The road was then rolled and a coat of light
oil was spread on it and covered. These roads are only ordinary gravel or dirt roads, and, while they were in reasonable condition for summer travel, they will break up with frost in many places in the spring, and are cer- tainly entirely inadequate for the large number of vehicles that
will pass over them as long as the camp is occupied. They must be constructed in some permanent manner at a much greater expense than the towns alone can afford.
The Road from the Station to Camp Devens.
Camp Devens is located with its main entrance about a mile and a quarter from the depot. The road was a very ordinary country road, with a car track in the middle for a portion of the way. It was used daily by a very large number of heavily loaded trucks carrying all sorts of materials and supplies to the camp, even before any soldiers arrived. There were some 8,000 to 10,000 workmen engaged in the construction of the canton- ment.
This road was shaped up, patched and oiled, but of course it could not possibly carry this tremendous trafiic for any consid- erable length of time. It was certain to be churned into mud, and to become absolutely impassable when the frost was coming out in the spring.
A new and well-constructed road was an absolute necessity if vehicles and soldiers were to be able to get to the camp from the station. To construct a suitable road would cost a large sum of money, and it was evident that the little town of Ayer
could not possibly afford to spend this money even if it could
borrow it. Realizing these conditions the Commission offered to co-operate with the government in constructing this road. The county commissioners of Middlesex County also agreed to 26 HIGmVAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
co-operate and to provide a portion of the money. No one seemed to have any authority to act in the matter, although every one agreed that the road must be constructed. Finally, in the third week in October, Major Canfield, con- struction quartermaster, who has charge of constructing the cantonment, said that he would like to consult with the Com- mission about the construction of this road. A member of the Commission went to the camp the next day, having meantime consulted informally with the county commissioners of Middle- sex County, to see what they would be willing to do. They said that they would gladly co-operate, as soon as they could legally do so under the statutes, and would undoubtedly be willing to pay one-third of the cost, not to exceed $10,000. This information was communicated to Major Canfield. The Commission agreed to pay one-half the cost, not exceed- ing Slo,000, from the motor vehicle fees. At this first inter- view every one agreed to cut all red tape and to commence the construction of the road at once. The only way this could be done was to have Major Canfield direct the Barrett Manufac- turing Company, which had a contract with the government for the construction of roads,- to do the work and use the ma- terials, stone, etc., for the supply of which adequate arrange- ments had already been made, the work all to be done under the direction of the government engineers, subject to inspection by the engineers of the Commission.
At this first meeting it was verbally agreed that this work should be ordered started at once; that the whole road, from the railroad tracks near Ayer depot to the main entrance to the camp, should be constructed, something over 6,000 feet in length; that 4 inches of a good quality of broken stone should be spread and well rolled, for the bottom course, on a founda- tion of gravel or stone wherever necessary, and with proper provision for adequate drainage; that a top course of a good quality of broken stone, 2 inches in thickness, should be evenly spread and well rolled, and then penetrated with a good qual- ity of tar, the whole covered with pea stone and sand and rolled; that on the section of road where there was a car track the road should be constructed from the rail to the line of the curb or poles on each side, a width varying from 15 to 17 feet. No. 54.] SECONDARY AND OTHER ROUTES. 27
i The rest of the road to the main entrance to the camp was to be constructed 24 feet in width, with a shoulder 3 feet in width on each side of the gravel, of some suitable material. The government engineers were to take charge of the work and certify the amounts due from time to time, and the Com-
mission and the county, if it came in, were to pay for the work the same amount of money that the government would have to pay the contractor under the contract. This verbal agreement was ratified by letter the next day. The work could not be started for over two weeks because of bad weather and delays in finishing certain roads in the camp. Work began in earnest about the first of November, and the road was finally completed in a little over four weeks, certainly a very creditable performance reflecting great credit on the en- gineers in charge and the contractor doing the work. The county of Middlesex has formally agreed to pay its third of the cost not to exceed $10,000.
The weather became cold and some snow fell, not only delay- ing the work but greatly increasing the cost. In fact, some of the stone had to be removed, dried and replaced, and the Com-
mission thinks it extremely probable that while the road as a
whole is in good condition and well built, certain sections at
least will be likely to ravel, because it was probably impossible to make the tar penetrate evenly and properly in such cold weather. The work had to be done, however, in spite of bad weather
conditions, and if the road is properly looked after in the spring,
and whatever proves to be necessary is done, it can undoubtedly be preserved. The final figures as to cost have not yet been made out by
the government Auditing Department, but the engineers esti- mate that the whole road cost from $35,000 to $40,000, so that while the agreement was made hastily and without any actual
data to work upon, it seems to have worked out very fairly for
all parties concerned. 28 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Aid to Towns from ''Small Town" and Motor Vehicle Fees Fund.
Since the passage of the so-called "small town'* act the Commission has allotted from that fund about $1,257,776 for the improvement of town ways, and the towns in which the work has been done have appropriated about $927,162, making about $2,184,938 that has been spent in the improvement of about 545 miles of road in 197 towns. The Commission in 1917 allotted $116,856 under the provi- sions of the "small town" act, and improved about 27 miles of road in 78 towns, the towns contributing $95,362. In several instances in the richer towns the towns appropriated and spent much more money than was allotted by the Commission. The sums of money mentioned above do not include the money appropriated by the towns for roads where the counties also contributed and where the Commission allotted money from the motor vehicle fees, nor the contributions made by the towns for the improvement or maintenance of other roads on which the Commission spent money obtained from the motor vehicle fees where the counties made no appropriation. The
Commission is of the opinion that the work done under the
"small town" act and with the motor vehicle fees is the most valuable work the Commission and its engineers are doing.
The work is almost invariably done by the local authorities themselves under plans and specifications furnished by the
Commission, and is executed under the supervision of the Com- mission's engineers. A properly built road educates the whole community as well as those doing the work. The real difficulty is to convince the public that constant maintenance is eternally necessary; but every year more and more towns and road offi- cials become educated, and more and more miles of improved road are maintained.
Motor Vehicle Fees Available for Through Routes.
The Commission made allotments from this fund last year for two purposes, — first, the construction and improvement of important roads, the counties contributing in many places as has been stated before, and the towns appropriating money No. 54.] MOTOR VEHICLE FEES, ETC. 29 toward the cost of most of the improvements; second, for the oiling, repair and maintenan.ce of roads on through routes which had been improved, but where the road surface would be rap- idly destroyed by the heavy traffic if it were not properly oiled or maintained. This money was allotted in towns that could not, in the opinion of the Commission, afford to maintain the improved roads without assistance from the Commonwealth. In a large majority of the towns the town paid about half the cost of this work. The money which was allotted from this fund for the im- provement of through roads, toward the cost of which the coun- ties and towns contributed, has been described under "Co- operation by the Counties." In addition to the above allotments from the motor vehicle fees, the Commission has allotted $51,323 for the repair, main- tenance and oiling of improved roads in 70 towns, the towns appropriating $27,187 toward the cost of the work, making $78,510 available. The Commission has also allotted $160,237 from the motor vehicle fees for the construction or improvement of roads on through routes in 43 towns, the towns themselves appropriating $146,432 for this work, making $306,669 available.
As in all other cases where any money is spent by the Com- mission all the work is done under the direction and supervision of the engineers of the Commission.
Summary of Expenditures — "Small Town/^ Motor Vehicle Fees, Counties and Municipalities — for Co-operative Work.
County. Town. Commission.
With county co-operation $127,181 $130,681 $147,781
"Smalltown," 93,562 116,856
Through routes, repair, etc., .... 27,187 51,324 Through routes, improvement, .... 146,433 160,237
Totals, $127,181 $397,863 $476,198
This makes $1,001,242 that has been available this year for the construction of through routes and "small town" roads, 30 HIGHWAY C0:MMISSI0X. [Pub. Doc. besides any money available for the construction of State high- ways or under special acts. Of this money $525,044 was ap- propriated by the counties and towns and $476,198 was allotted by the Commission, $359,342 being obtained from the motor vehicle fees fund.
ExGixEERixG Advice to Muxicipal Authorities.
The requests for engineering advice are more numerous every year, and in all cases the Commission sends an engineer to look over the ground. In some cases the Commission furnishes plans and specifications for the work, advertises the contract and ar- ranges for the supervision of the work, the municipality paying the estimates as they become due. The Commission furnished engineering advice to 36 cities and towns this year, and these municipalities expended over $272,000 of their own money for the improvement of highways and bridges. Resurfacixg axd Widexixg.
During the year over 85 miles of State highway were resur- faced, 26 miles were widened but* not resurfaced, and 77.74 miles were widened and resurfaced. (These figures are for com- pleted work. Uncompleted contracts exist where work is in various stages. Such jobs aggregate about 35 miles.) The total cost of this work of widening and resurfacing was over $1,262,000, the widening costing over $352,000. The resurfacing alone cost over $910,000, or an average of nearly $11,000 per mile. This large expenditure was necessary, not only because of the high cost of labor and materials this year, but also because many of the roads had to be entirely reconstructed and a foundation put in as well. In several places a cement concrete road was built to replace the old macadam, — practically a new road except for the existing grading and drainage. More and more roads will have to be made stronger as well
as wider, at great expense, if something is not done very soon by the Legislature to limit the weights that can be transported over our ordinary highways, especially in the country districts. No. 54.] RESURFACING AND WIDENING. 31
Ordinary Maintenance.
Ordinary maintenance includes the cost of the patching done by the section men in charge of the roads. This ordinary main- tenance cost over $336,000, or about $278 a mile for the 1,208 miles of State highway. Of course some of the newer roads re-
quired very little maintenance. The maintenance alone cost over $147,000, or about $122 a mile, and the patching alone cost over $189,000, or about $156 a mile.
Probably the first item would fairly represent the average
maintenance cost on all the roads, but the cost of patching
would be much above the average cost if it were figured only on the roads that really required substantial patching. A much fairer estimate would distribute the $189,000 spent in patching alone over 700 to 800 miles of the older highways that really had to be patched, which would make the cost of patch- ing from $236 to $270 a mile.
Snrface Treatments with Light Oils or Tars.
More than 557 miles of the older State highways were coated with light oils or cold tars. This work cost over $171,750, or an average of about $308 a mile. Most of these roads had been coated in former years, so that only a very small quantity of the bituminous material was spread on each square yard, usu- ally from one-fifth to one-quarter of a gallon; consequently, only a small quantity of sand or gravel covering was required. On a few miles of road a larger quantity had to be used, and the expense was greater in consequence. On a few miles, where the trafiic was extremely heavy, a second application was made during the season. Taking the 700 to 800 miles of the older State highways of water-bound macadam, or gravel, or sand and oil that were maintained by patching and by the use of some bituminous coat on the surface, the total cost of maintenance was from $634 to $725 a, mile. The total amount spent by the Commission for resurfacing, widening and the above maintenance was over $1,769,000. 32 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Approval of Specificatioxs.
By chapter 719 of the Acts of 1913, as amended in 1914, it is necessary that specifications for the construction of municipal ways be approved by the Commission before the town or city can borrow money on long terms for the work. Under this act 9 cities and 10 towns presented specifications for approval in 1917. In each case a study was made of the conditions, — as to materials, traffic, etc., — and in some instances it was neces- sary to redraft the specifications to insure construction suitable for the needs.
Work done under Special Acts.
Cotuit Village through Mashpee to the Road to Falmouth.
Chapter 242 of the General Acts of 1915 appropriated $14,000 for this road. A contract was let for its construction in May, 1916, and the work has been going on in 1916 and 1917. The whole of the special appropriation has been expended, the road has been laid out as a State highway, and money from the construction fund allotted for its completion. The con- struction will be completed early in 1918 unless something un- foreseen occurs. The road surface is being made of sand and asphaltic oil, both heated and mixed.
Sandwich-Mashpee.
Chapter 216 of the General Acts of 1916 appropriated 810,000 for the construction or improvement of this route. The road is about 7f miles long, and only a small portion of this can be built for the money available. There are three routes, two of them very much desired by people with different interests. Many hearings and interviews have taken place at which one route or the other was strongly advocated. The Commission finally decided this year to build a section of road in Sandwich which had to be used whichever route was followed in Mashpee. A contract was advertised and let for its construction this fall. Meantime, on September 6, the Com- mission requested the Federal government to aid in the con- struction of this road, allotting $10,000 from the Federal aid No. 54.] WORK DONE UNDER SPECIAL ACTS. 33 road fund. The Secretary of Agriculture accepted this project on Oct. 29, 1917. The Commission thereupon submitted a contract and speci- fications to the government engineers, but up to the present time no project agreement has been signed which alone binds the government to put in any money. However, the Commis- sion has every reason to believe that the Secretary of Agriculture will agree to expend, $10,000 of the Federal aid money on this road, which will make $20,000 available. It is possible that more Federal aid can be secured another year for this project.
Ashburnham. The $10,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend by chapter 214 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended, and about 1| miles of road have been constructed under a con- tract made in 1916.
Plymouth-Bourne.
The $10,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend in these towns by chapter 205 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended. About 1| miles of road, the hardened surface being 18 feet in width, has been constructed. The surface was made of sand and asphaltic oil, heated and mixed.
Hubbardston-Rutland.
The $10,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend by chapter 210 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended. The work was done on a force account under the direction of the engineers, and about 2 miles of gravel road, 18 feet in width, has been built, on a foundation where necessary.
Pelham.
The $10,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend by chapter 206 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended, and also $2,850 more, $750 of which was appropriated by the town, and $2,100 allotted by the Commission from other funds. The drainage and soil conditions were extremely bad, making construction expensive. 34 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
A local stone macadam road, on a foundation where neces- sary, has been constructed, about Ij miles long, the hardened surface being 15 feet in width. The work started near the Town Hall on Pelham Hill, and continued westerly toward Amherst. Dracut-Methuen,
The $10,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend by chapter 203 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended. A water-bound macadam road, about three-fifths of a mile in length and 18 feet in width, has been constructed and coated with a thin bituminous surface coat. The work was done on a force account.
Phillipston- Tevipleton.
The Commission was authorized to expend $10,000 on this highway by chapter 217 of the General Acts of 1916. The towns would not take the contract, so the work was done on a force account. About 1^ miles have been constructed in Phillipston, and about three-fifths of a mile in Templeton, and about $7,800 has been expended. The road had to have a foundation for prac- tically the whole distance, and no suitable gravel could be found in that neighborhood; consequently, the best material available had to be used for the surface, on top of a foundation suitable for a road 18 feet in width. The balance of the money will be spent in 1918 if conditions warrant it.
Milford-Hopkinton.
Chapter 232 of the General Acts of 1915 appropriated $5,000, and chapter 219 of the General Acts of 1916 appropriated $5,000, for the construction of this road, in addition to $10,000 appropriated in 1914. The work has been done by local labor and teams employed under the direction of the engineers of the Commission, and most excellent results have been obtained for the money expended. A water-bound macadam road, 18 feet in width, has been built, and coated with a thin bituminous covering. The work was continued this year, and substantially the whole appropria- tion has been expended. No. 54.] WORK DONE UNDER SPECIAL ACTS. 35
SoMthbridge River Road.
The $15,000 which the Commission was authorized to expend on this road by chapter 202 of the General Acts of 1916 has been expended, and a bituminoias macadam road, about 1 mile in length and 18 feet in width, has been constructed.
North Broohfield to Barre Plains.
Twenty thousand dollars was made available in all for work on this road, by chapter 257 of the General Acts of 1915 and by chapter 212 of the General Acts of 1916. A contract was let in the fall of 1915 for the construction of a water-bound local stone macadam road, and work was con- tinued this year in the town of New Braintree. About 2 miles of road have been built, and substantially the whole of the appropriations has been expended.
Norton- Taunton.
The Commission was authorized to expend $12,000 by chap- ter 230 of the General Acts of 1915, and $8,000 more by chapter 204 of the General Acts of 1916, in constructing a highway in the town of Norton on this route. It has expended all of this money, and has also allotted $30,000 additional from the State highway construction fund, and will have to allot some more money to pay for the completed road. The whole road from Norton Village to the Taunton line has been constructed, about 3 miles in length. This construction was very expensive because the old road was narrow and crooked, had to be widened and relocated in many places, and the soil conditions were bad. A cement concrete road has been built, 18 feet in width at all points, and about 21 feet wide on all corners and bad curves.
Hingham. In 1916, by chapter 213, the Legislature authorized the Com- mission to construct and maintain a highway in the town of Hingham from the easterly end of the State highway on Lin- coln Street to the boundary line between Cohasset and Hull at West's Corner. Two hundred thousand dollars was made available, the county and the town being required to repay cer- 36 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. tain percentages thereof under the terms of the act. This route and the various considerations affecting its location are fully set forth in our last year's report.
There is a great difference of opinion as to which route should be followed. The selectmen and the special committee of the town agreed, however, that under existing conditions it would not be wise to attempt to do any work this year except upon the new route connecting the State highway on Lincoln Street along by the harbor to the existing main road. This started at the State highway at the corner of Thatcher Street, followed a new location over private land to Otis Street, thence by Otis and Harbor streets to the existing main road, about one-quarter of a mile easterly from the square and rail- road station. Its construction involved the taking of land for the new location and for securing sufficient width, the removal or destruction of a number of small buildings, etc. This sec- tion of road was laid out, and a contract was advertised and let for its construction. It is about Ij miles long, and a broken stone road penetrated with asphalt is to be constructed 18 feet in width with suitable shoulders. The work has been commenced and a large amount of grad- ing and other work has been done already; also over half a mile has been surfaced. Up to the present time over $9,000 has been paid out for land damages, and over $21,000 has been paid to the contractor. The road will be finished early in the year if conditions are reasonably favorable.
Revere,
The Commission was authorized to expend $200,000 by chapter 230 of the General Acts of 1916 in purchasing or taking land for the purpose of laying out and constructing a highway in the city of Eevere from Revere Street, near its junction with the State highway, to Winthrop Avenue. This highway is a continuation of the Revere traffic road, which is fully de- scribed in our last year's report. The construction of this road involved the taking of a good many parcels of land and quite a number of buildings. A contract was advertised and let in November, 1916, for the construction of a portion of the road, and work was com- '
No, 54.] WESTERN COUNTIES. 37 menced, and has been continued this year. The whole road has been completed and open to travel for about two months.
The total length is 6,898 feet, the distance from Revere Street to Beach Street being about 3,800 feet. The layout on this section of road was 80 feet in width, the roadway was graded 34 feet wide on top, and the traveled portion was constructed 32 feet in width. From Beach Street to Winthrop Avenue the location followed Otis Street and Waverly Avenue, both of which were already laid out and con- structed 50 feet in width, with sidewalks and a granite curb on each side. This section was about 3,100 feet in length, and the hardened surface was constructed for the full width of the road- way, from curb to curb. A bituminous macadam road was built by the penetration method. Up to the present time about $58,600 have been paid out for land damages, etc., and over $94,000 to the contractor on ac- count of the construction of the road. To this must be added the cost of surveys, engineering and supervision, counsel fees, and any materials that had to be purchased by the Commis- sion. The total expenditures to Dec. 18, 1917, amounted to about $168,100.
Marking Motor Vehicles owned by the Commomvealth.
The Commission was directed to furnish distinctive number plates for each motor vehicle purchased with the funds of the Commonwealth. The plate was to have such an arrangement of letters or numbers, or both, as would distinguish the particu- lar vehicle and the office, board, department, etc., of the Com- monwealth by which it was operated. The plates were fur- nished, as required by the statute, as soon as possible after the information was secured as to what departments, etc., had motor vehicles, and how many plates would be required.
Western Counties.
This work is done under authority of chapter 221 of the General Acts of 1915.
In spite of the difficulties attendant on all highway work this year, much has been done under this act. Inasmuch as it is difficult, in speaking of work of this type, to show just where 38 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. one year's work ends and another begins, this resume will be of all the work done up to date. The act provided for the expenditure of $2,500,000, four- fifths to be paid by the State and one-fifth by the counties in- volved. Very little but survey and preparatory work was done or was expected to be done in 1915, as the season was well along when the act was passed. In 1916 several contracts were let and a number of other jobs were figured on by various contractors, but to no purpose other than to convince the Board it must adopt some means out of the ordinary if it was to make much headway on some of the routes. It therefore, in March, 1917, decided to try out the cost-plus plan, which since that date has been so generally adopted by the United States government. Work has gone forward under this plan in 10 towns and on 6 of the 17 routes. Considerable work has been done under the direction of cer- tain town authorities on a straight pay-roll basis, with no added profit to any one. This method has been followed in 11 towns and on 7 of the 17 routes. Sixteen contracts have been let on the usual unit price basis for work in 15 towns and on 8 of the routes. Twelve of these contracts are finished and 2 others are nearing completion.
Some work has been done in all but 5 of the towns involved and on all but 2 of the routes. A short history of what has been accomplished on each route may be of interest.
Route 1. Great Barrington to Sheffield. A concrete road has been built from the Great Barrington line to the northern edge of Sheffield village. This road was built by J. De Michiel & Brothers, and was done under the usual form of contract.
Route 2. Northampton to Pittsfield,
Most of the work on this route has been done by local people, and on a cost basis. This is a slow method of handling such work, but has seemed about the only feasible way to get any- thing done on this route during the past two years. No. 54.] WESTERN COUNTIES. 39
Something like 2 miles in Cummington is virtually completed,
and another mile is more than 50 per cent, completed. Another section in Cummington, of a little less than 2 miles, was begun on October 16 under a cost-plus contract, and very good head- way was made. Both sections just referred to should be easy of completion in 1918. Both of these sections are gravel on a stone foundation. A third section lies in the city of Northampton over what is known as Main's Hill, and has long been unfavorably known as the worst bit of road on any main route in the Connecticut
valley. This job is a little less than 2 miles in length, and was built by contract, — a cost-plus, with an upset price. It is of tar macadam on a heavy stone base. Work was begun in May
and finished in October. It is the only work to be done under this act in any city. The fourth section on this route to receive attention this
year is the link connecting Windsor Hill with Dalton. There is
a little over 3 miles to build, mostly in Windsor, a good part of
which is over a new and much better line. It will be built of local stone with a bituminous treatment. Work was begun on the 16th of July, under a cost-plus agreement, and good prog- ress has been made. It can be completed in 1918.
This route is a very important one, and should be pushed to
completion as rapidly as possible. It is the mid-State through route from the Connecticut valley to the Berkshires, and will
materially relieve the other two routes. It is one of the routes
the Federal government has approved and is helping on.
Route 3. West Becket to New Boston.
Work began early in and the 6,450 feet in Becket was finished to the Otis line in October. Continuing, about as much
more has been built in Otis. This road is a widely graded gravel road on a stone base. From the end of this year's work
to Otis Center is mostly old small town'' road, and good enough to take the travel for a couple of years. For that reason and
because the New Boston end of the road is very bad, it seems wise to work in Sandisfield in 1918. This will be very heavy
and very expensive work. There is no certainty that conditions will permit of doing any work on this route next year. 40 HIGHWAY C0:MMISSI0X. [Pub. Doc.
Route 4. "Bonny Rigg Corner'^ to Dalton Line.
The several miles in Becket are built and laid out as State highway. Several miles more are contracted for and partially constructed. Work has gone on all season in Washington, and much work has been done over about 4 miles of new line.
Much of this work is heavy grading over extremely bad bottom, and it is almost impossible to say when these contracts can be completed. There are about 7 miles of road under contract, and several more to be done before the line can be called com- pleted. This road is being constructed of broken stone over a heavy base. All will be treated with bitumen of some sort.
Route 5. Huntington to Cummington, ma Worthington.
Work began late in 1915 at Worthington Four Corners, and all work to date has been between that point and Huntington.
The distance is 14 miles, and more than 10 miles of it is nearing completion. If it is possible to Work on this route in 1918 an heroic effort will be made to finish to at least the old covered bridge just north of Huntington village. This bridge must be rebuilt in the near future, and it is probable that an attempt to build the new road farther than that point next year would be unwise. The type of road being built is similar to that de- scribed in the report on Route 3, and is likely to prove very satisfactory for the sort of travel using it. The construction of that portion of the route lying between Worthington and Cum- mington cannot be attempted for some years, at best.
Route 6. Hinsdale to WortMngton, ma Peru.
This route has been completed from Hinsdale village to a point somewhat beyond Peru village. About 5 miles has been well graded and drained, with a stone fill all the way. Most of it has a surfacing of quite ordinary gravel, — the best material available in that locality. A short section in Hinsdale has re- ceived a macadam top and should give good service. The road between Peru and Worthington is over very rough and hilly country, and cannot be undertaken until other more important roads shall have been completed.
No. 54. WESTERN COUNTIES. 41
Route 7. Cummington to Plainfield.
All efforts in this vicinity have been centered on the through route from Pittsfield to Northampton, and probably will be until its completion. Before war was declared last April, it was hoped that a contract might be let for the construction of this road, but since that date it has been manifestly impracticable to begin work. There are 4 miles to build and over a very rough country.
Route 8. Palmer to Belchertoivn, via Ware and Enfield.
Section 1, of over 5 miles in Palmer and Ware, was completed about the 1st of July. This work was done by contract, and is of local stone over a heavy base, and finished with a cold oil treatment. The stone is rather soft, but on the whole will make a very satisfactory road for the volume of travel that uses it.
Section 2, between the Enfield line and Old Ware Center
(about 11,000 feet), was contracted for early this season, and is all done except guard rail and shoulder work. It is local stone over a stone base and should be cold oiled in the spring.
Section 3, from the Belchertown Common to the Enfield line, is being constructed with town labor, and about 8,500 feet is completed. It is expected that the town will continue on this section as rapidly as the labor situation will permit. This por- tion of the road is being constructed of gravel over a stone base, and should be cold oiled.
Route 9. Feeding Hills in Agawam to Granville Four Corners, via Southwick.
This work is being done on a cost-plus basis, and the road is to be built with a heavy stone base, covered with 2 inches of tar penetrated trap rock. There are about 5^ miles to be done under this contract, and presumably it can be completed in the ensuing year. This will complete that portion of the road that lies between Feeding Hills, Agawam, and the Southwick library. No attempt will be made at present to connect Southwick and Granville villages, but it should be possible to complete the 42 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Gorge Brook road between the Southwick line and Granville Corners. This end of the work has received some attention this year, improvements being undertaken with town labor.
For most of this distance there is already a fair gravel road.
Route 10. South Deerfield to Lithia, ma Conway and Ashfield through Spruce Corners.
This route has received attention continuously since the passage of the act in 1915, and work is now going on at four points.
Section 1, in Goshen, with local labor, is at such a stage as makes it difficult to estimate the amount done; 9,500 feet nears completion; 9,500 feet more has been completed over the line in Ashfield; and some 3,000 feet additional is perhaps 50 per cent. done. This job is gravel surface over heavy stone foun- dation.
Section 2, from the Ashfield Creamery to Main Street, Ash- field, has been completed this year, and a good deal of work has been accomplished between Ashfield and the Conway line, via South Ashfield; also between the Ashfield-Conway line and Conway village. All of these jobs are of gravel, and are being done with local labor on a pay-roll basis.
Section 3 is the road between Conway and South Deerfield.
This is under contract and should be done by midsummer. It is of local stone macadam and is about 6 miles in length.
Route 11. Turners Falls to Bernardston, via Gill.
This route has been surveyed, and not much besides. No serious attempt has been made to push this job this year.
Route 12, Worcester to Athol, via Rutland, Oakham, Barre and Petersham.
This route is completed save for a short section in Barre and from Petersham Center to Athol. Nothing has been done on this route this year owing to the difficulty in getting labor and teams in this locality. No. 54.] WESTERN COUNTIES. 43
Route 13. Worcester to Milford, via Grafton, Upton and Hopedale.
The distance from the Worcester line is about 14 miles, of which about 5 miles have been constructed and laid out as
State highway. Of the other 9 miles there is now built about 11,500 feet in Grafton; 18,500 feet in Upton; and 1,700 feet in Hopedale, a total of 6 miles. There remain 7,600 feet in Graf- ton that are about 50 per cent, done, and somewhat less than 2 miles in Upton that are not yet begun. All of the old State
highway is of water-bound macadam, treated with cold oil. From the Milford line through the corner of Hopedale for 1,700 feet, and for about 13,000 feet in Upton, a broad gravel
road has been constructed, which it is planned to treat with
asphaltic oil next season. Approaching and through the village
of Upton it was thought best to build a bituminous macadam. Beyond West Upton there has been completed 5,500 feet in Upton and 8,500 feet in Grafton of bituminous concrete. Between this job and the old State highway in Grafton there
is to be about 7,600 feet of bituminous concrete and about 3,000'
feet of asphaltic macadam. It is hoped this route may be fin-
ished next season, as it will, when completed, be a much used short route from western Massachusetts to the Cape.
Route 14, Warwick to Orange.
The Orange end is built, but no work has been done in Warwick.
Route 15. Woronoco to Blandford.
This job was finished about July 1, and is now laid out as
State highway. The first 3 miles is of trap rock, and the second
3 miles of local stone, all laid over a heavy stone base and fin-
ished with a cold oil treatment. These 6 miles of modern road make easy of approach this beautiful and hitherto almost in- accessible mountain town.
Route 16. Wales to the Connecticut Line.
This route is the short way from Hartford to Worcester, and will be much used when the Stafford and the Brimfield links are finished. 44 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
This work has all been done on a cost or a cost-plus basis, and therefore gives a good opportunity to judge what work of this sort should cost under such conditions as obtain at the present time. This work was not carried on with unusual efficiency, so the unit costs shown may be accepted as typical.
There were 4 miles to build; it was just about a season's work, and has been completed. The job is a gravel surface laid over a stone fill, and finished with a treatment of asphaltic oil applied cold.
Route 17. Williamsburg to West Chesterfield.
This route was one of the first to be taken up, and will be one of the last to be finished owing to the fact that all work is being done with town labor. The Williamsburg end is practi- cally completed. It may possibly require three months to finish.
The Chesterfield road is built to Chesterfield Center, and work has begun west of the town toward West Chesterfield. A well- drained country road with a gravel surface over a stone base is the type under construction. There has been expended under this act $1,272,124.20, and somewhat more than 70 miles has been wholly or in part con- structed. This does not include any expenditures which might have been made by the counties on account of any claims for land or grade damages.
Federal Aid in constructing Highways.
By an act of Congress approved July 11, 1916, entitled "An Act to provide that the United States shall aid the States in the construction of rural post roads, and for other purposes," the United States government made available $75,000,000 to be used in aiding the States to construct certain roads which might be agreed upon between the highway departments of the vari- ous States and the Secretary of Agriculture. In order to take advantage of this act the Legislature had to accept the provisions of the act as a condition precedent to the participation of the Commonwealth in the benefits thereof, and also to authorize the Highway Commission to do all the neces- sary acts that were required by the act of Congress and the No. 54.] FEDERAL AID — HIGHWAYS. 45
regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture. This assent and authority were given by chapter 67 of the General Acts of the year 1917. The amount that was to be allotted during the first year, to wit, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917, was $5,000,000; of this amount there was allotted to the State of Massachusetts, $73,850.95. The second year $10,000,000 was to be allotted among the various States, and so on until the fifth year, when $25,000,000 was to be allotted. It seems probable, therefore, that there will be allotted for use in the State of Massachusetts something over $1,100,000, w^hich can be used by the Highway Commission in constructing such roads as may be approved by the Secretary of Agriculture, provided the Commission has available the necessary money. The act of Congress provides that one-half the cost of con- structing any project which may be agreed upon between the Secretary of Agriculture and the State Highway Department shall be provided for from the State or local funds, and that the amount that the government shall pay on any mile of road
shall not in any event exceed $10,000 a mile for its half. The Secretary of Agriculture requested the various States, in the first instance, to submit a general statement embodying a program of tentative projects in order to show the general scheme which the State intended to adopt in the expenditure of the Federal aid money. This general scheme was drafted and was submitted to the Secretary of Agriculture by the Commission early in March, the
scheme covering some twenty-one different roads, all of them upon relatively important through routes. The general scheme was approved, and the Commission was notified to submit spe-
cific project statements. The Commission immediately had plans and specifications made, and during May and June submitted four projects to the Secretary of Agriculture. Another project was submitted at the end of July, and another the first of September. The first project covered the construction of a concrete road in the towns of Acushnet and Fairhaven. On this road there was a project agreement made by the Secretary of Agriculture on August 27, and the Commission was notified that $22,000 46 HIGHWAY C0M:MISSI0X. [Pub. Doc. was set aside to pay the government's share of the cost of con- structing this road. The second project was for a road in Hanover on the inside main line from Boston to Plymouth. The construction of a part of this road was approved by the Secretary of Agriculture, but a part of it had to be eliminated in the project because it was not covered by a mail route. This project agreement was signed on October 31, and we were notified that 819,500 had been set aside for the government's share.
Project No. 3, for the Newburyport Turnpike in Maiden,
Melrose and Saugus, was accepted August 6, and the project agreement was signed by the Secretary of Agriculture on Octo- ber 31; $11,600 was set aside by the government for this road.
Project No. 4, in Danvers, on the main road between Salem and Lawrence, which was submitted in June, had to be modi- fied and cut down, as a part of the road was not covered by a mail route. It was finally accepted in August, and the project agreement was signed December 13; 813,200 was set aside for this road.
Project No. 5, for a new road in Dalton and Windsor on the main line between Northampton and Pittsfield, was submitted on July 23 and accepted on September 4; the project agreement was signed on December 13, and 832,400 was set aside for this project.
Project No. 6, for a road in Sandwich, was submitted Sep- tember 6 and accepted on October 29, though the project agree- ment has not yet been signed by the Secretary of Agriculture; $10,000 was set aside for the government's share on this project.
This is a road between Sandwich and Mashpee for which the Legislature made a special appropriation of 810,000 in 1916. The contract was let for the work this year, and the work will undoubtedly be done next year.
On Project No. 1, Acushnet and Fairhaven, the whole road, some 3| miles in length, has been constructed and completed. A concrete road, 18 feet in width, has been built.
On Project No. 2, in Hanover, the contract was let for the construction of about 4 miles of road, the government only agreeing to help on a part of it; something over one-half of the road has already been constructed under the contract, the work No. 54.] FEDERAL AID — HIGHWAYS. 47 to be continued early in the spring. Here a gravel-oil mix sur- face has been placed upon an adequate foundation.
On Project No. 3, in Maiden, Melrose and Saugus, the con- tract was let for the construction of this road, which is on the Newburyport Turnpike, and the work has progressed very well, a considerable portion of the road being completed; the rest of the road will be completed in the spring. On this road the sur- face has been made of a large-sized trap rock penetrated by asphalt.
On Project No. 4, in Danvers, no contract has been let up to the present time. The project agreement was only signed De- cember 13. It is hoped that this road can be constructed early next year. There was some delay in securing the necessary rights of way and some land takings that were required in order to make certain of the corners safe. The county commissioners of Essex County are co-operating in making the necessary land takings for this purpose.
Project No. 5, in Dalton and Windsor, is over an entirely new road connecting the town of Windsor with the town of Dalton, the new location being a considerable distance north of the old road. The Commission found it possible to secure a much better road, with nothing over 6 per cent, grades, by fol- lowing in part an old disused county road. The old road was extremely crooked, narrow and dangerous, and it would have been more expensive to construct, and even after the road was constructed the grades would have been excessive. Work has been going on on this road on what is practically a force ac- count, the contractor being paid a certain percentage on the assumed labor cost of the work, this method being explained elsewhere in this report.
A considerable portion of the road has been graded, and it is to be surfaced with local stone if that is found to be sufficiently durable. If the local stone is not durable it is probable that the
Commission will build the lower course of the local stone, and it will then have to import trap rock for the top. The agreement for this was not signed by the Board until December 13, but the government inspectors have inspected the work from time to time, and it is understood that the government will pay for any work which has been done since they began to inspect. 48 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
On Project Xo. 6, in Sandwich, the contract was let on September 11, and the Commission has used every endeavor to get the contractor to start work, but without success up to the present time. This will prevent any question being raised by the government as to its paying for any work done prior to the project agreement being signed, because as yet no project agree- ment has been sent to this Commission for signature. The government, under these six projects, has set aside $108,700 for use on the projects which have already been accepted.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, there became available, in addition to the $73,850 for the first year, a further sum of about $147,700, and during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, the Secretary of Agriculture has notified us that there will be available a further sum of $221,261.85. This will make a total amount of over $443,000, which can be secured from the Federal government for use on the roads of this State, provided the Commission has enough money available to comply with the terms of the act of Congress and to supply at least one-half of the cost of constructing the roads.
The Commission is preparing now to submit various other project statements to the government for the construction of other sections of road scattered through the various counties of the Commonwealth, and is endeavoring to secure the money in every instance for use on through roads which will be of com- mercial and military importance to the State. In order to secure this money, however, the Commission must have the necessary funds available; it believes that for the year
1918 it will have sufficient money in the unexpended balance of the money appropriated for the construction of State highways.
It believes, however, that it should be authorized by the Legis- lature to expend any unexpended balance of this money in suc- ceeding years, and should also be authorized to use any other
funds which it may be able to secure from the motor vehicle fees or from appropriations which may be made by the counties or the municipalities. The Commission will endeavor as far as possible to see that
the money provided by the Federal government is fairly dis- tributed among the various counties, though it may have to
No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 49 take into account to a considerable extent the necessities of un- completed through roads of great importance, as well as the re- quirements of the act that the road selected shall be a mail route, and further, that no Federal money can be spent even on a mail route in a place having a population of more than 2,500, excepting on that portion of the highway along which the houses average more than 200 feet apart.
Future Policy of the Commission.
Main Highways are of Real Military Importance.
There can be no doubt that this is the fact; it is shown by all history in the past as well as in the present war. The high- ways alone saved Verdun, because the railways were put out of
commission. All day and all night the main highway had two lines of motor trucks going in each direction to and from Ver- dun, carrying the supplies and ammunition which enabled the French army to prevent the Germans from breaking through. Thousands of men and thousands of tons of road material have had to be used constantly to keep the main roads back of the armies in even passable condition.
Necessity for Roads not recognized yet in America.
The people in this country, and particularly the legislators, are not really awake to the tremendous importance of good
roads if this country is to do its part in the world's war. They are important, not only from a strictly military point of view,
but they are absolutely essential if the country is going to grow and harvest its crops, and supply not only our own soldiers but our allies with the food that they cannot live without.
Experience in England,
The experience of England and what she has done since the
war started, on her highways, is perhaps the best example that we could follow. England has not been invaded, but she has had to enlist, train and equip large armies; has had to organize to make tremendous numbers of guns, enormous quantities of ammunition and supplies of every kind. 50 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
It is very significant that she, with her tremendous network of railroads and small area, has found that her roads, especially the main roads, were of vital importance. With all the tre- mendous additional expenditures made necessary by the war, and with undoubtedly a large number of the uninformed public saying that she must save every dollar possible — why not stop some of the expenditures on roads — she has not only not stopped these expenditures but has actually increased them in many places.
Highway Work in England and Wales.
England and Wales have over 151,000 miles of road, of w^hich 32,000 miles are urban roads and over 118,000 are classed as rural roads. The expenditures are shown in the accompany- ing tables.
Highway Expenditures by Local Authorities.
Urban Roads.
Average Total, including Mainte- Mainte- Year. Mileage. Interest nance. nance per and Im- Mile. provement.
1909 32,000 $21,415,590 S670 $51,661,625
1912 32,807 23,033,180 700 52,120,330
1914, 33,624 25,612,680 760 54,918,810
Rural Roads.
1909 118,692 19,627,950 165 20,814,405
1912 118,665 23,942,200 190 24,266,545
1914 118,461 26,965,385 225 28,592,035
Total, Rural and Urban Roads.
1914 152,085 52,578,065 345 83,510,845
1915, 87,836,655 No. 54.1 FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 51
Highway Appropriations during War made by Government Departments,
Appropria- tions by War Total By Road DGpartments Government Board. for Public Aid. Roads.
1914,1 $7,036,330
1915,1 10,440,180
1916,1 1,847,315 85,256,655 $7,103,970
1917,1 1,006,660 2,011,8352 3,018,495
» June 30, 1916, to March 31, 1917. 2 Financial year ending March 31.
Work on Public Roads sanctioned to March 31, 1917.
By War Department, . . • $5,925,790
By Admiralty, 418,235
By Ministry of Munitions, 886,940
By Timber Supply Department, 36,525
Total, $7,267,490
Total expenditure on roads — public, private and government — by above depart-
ments (expended under the supervision of the Road Board, to March 31, 1917) , . $13,800,705
Annual Expenditure on Roads and Bridges.
Per Year. Per Head Assessable (Pence). Value 1 (Pence).
1910-11, 103.6 18.1
1911-12, 106.0 18.6
1912-13, 108.9 19.0
1913-14, 114.1 19.6
1914-15, 114.6 19.8
1 The assessable value is rentable value usually assessed at less than the actual rents. Taxes in England are assessed on the annual value of the land, not its selling value.
In 1912, two years before the war, she was spending on her 32,000 miles of urban road over $50,000,000 a year, including improvements and interest. The average cost of maintenance was S700 a mile a year. She was spending on her 118,600 miles 52 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. , [Pub. Doc.
of rural road over $24,000,000 a year, including improvements and interest. The average yearly maintenance was about S190 a mile. On her road system the local and county authorities were spending over $75,000,000 a year, including improvements and interest, with an average expenditure of $300 a mile for main- tenance alone. This was an increase of about 10 per cent, over her expenditures in 1909. She had just established a Road Board which was existing in various counties and some munici- palities with government aid. The year that the war started this Road Board made grants for the improvement of various roads amounting to about $7,000,000, in addition to the amounts that the other authori- ties were spending. In 1915, the second year of the war, the
local authorities were spending a little more than they spent in 1912 on the urban roads, — about $760 a mile for maintenance in place of $700. The revenue which the Road Board had been receiving up to that time from motor vehicle fees, taxes on gasoline, etc., was turned into the general revenue, and their grants for the im- provement of roads were reduced to $1,200,000. This work was carried out under the direction of the Road
Board, and according to their report it included the reinstate- ment of roads damaged by extraordinary traffic caused by the various departments interested in the war, which had formed the subject of claims against the departments concerned. They also state that in some places improvements were re- quired for the ordinary public traffic, in which case the Road Board and the highway authorities contributed.
Highways Improved with War Funds,
During the year, from the 1st of July, 1915, to the 30th of June, 1916, the following contributions were made: —
War Department, $4,854,945 Admiralty, 191,885 Munitions, 208,825
Total, . $5,255,655 No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION, 53
Over $6,400,000 was contributed by these departments and the Road Board toward the cost of maintaining and strength- ening the highways during that year. During the year ending the 30th of June, 1917, the local authorities expended, according to the Road Board report, about the same amount of money that they had spent in the previous year. The grants by the Road Board to help the local authorities in keeping up and
* improving their roads were over $800,000.
Roads must be strengthened for Military Uses.
What is particularly noticeable is that the heavy traffic, and particularly the motor-truck traffic, was obliging the authorities, in order to keep the roads passable, to strengthen and improve the surfaces of the roads. Consequently, $792,000 of this $800,000 was put into the improvement of ^'road crusts;'' in
fact, the necessity for such strengthening is well shown by the
fact that since the Road Board started, while it has spent about $20,000,000 in helping the local communities to improve their main roads, over $17,000,000 of this has been spent for the im- provement of ^'road crusts" and widening. The contributions made by the various departments connected with the war for public roads up to the 31st of March, 1917, were as follows: —
War Department, $5,925,790 Admiralty, 418,235 Munitions, 886,940 Timber Supply, 36,525
Total, $7,267,490
The above amount was put into the public roads. The same departments spent a total of over $13,000,000 for roads on private land and on government land and on public roads. When one considers the relatively small area of England and Wales, and the relatively small mileage that has to be main- tained, these large expenditures are extremely significant. 54 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Military Use makes Large Expenditures necessary on Certain Roads.
In the seventh annual report of the Road Board, printed in July, 1917, they state —
Since the outbreak of war great advantage has been derived from the improvements effected in important roads throughout the country with the assistance of grants and loans from the road improvement fund. But the heavy motor traffic, directly or indirectly connected mth military movements and the transit of warlike stores, has caused a great deal of damage to many miles of road, and, notwithstanding the expenditure of nearly one and one-half million pounds ($7,500,000), which as explained in paragraph 14, represents the cost of special work on public roads paid for out of army funds and other government contributions, an extensive road mileage, used by the special traffic referred to, has greatly deteriorated in condition. There can be no doubt that a considerable amount of expendi- ture vd\l have to be incurred on these roads after the war. Many other roads have also suffered damage by the substitution of motor traffic for horse-drawn trafl&c in connection with agricultural operations in some counties.
This is exactly what will happen in this country, and we should certainly take notice while there is still time.
Retrenchment Committee recommends keeping Important Roads in Condition in England.
In the year 1916, apparently, the retrenchment committee had suggested that highway improvements and grants for that purpose be discontinued. They, however, after considering the matter, fully decided that this ought not to be done, that while the majority of schemes should be deferred, such work should now be undertaken as is required in connection with improvements of road crust necessary to prevent the serious deterioration of roads of real importance. We recommend, therefore, that such advances be approved by the treasury as are, in their opinion and in that of the Road Board, required in order to prevent such deterioration.'^ Consequently, that year they decided to approve grants amounting to SI, 000,000; but of course in addition to this there were the expenditures that were made by the various war boards. No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 55
Military Roads in the United States.
The absolute necessity for good roads is well recognized by
all our military authorities. Maj.-Gen. W. M. Black, chief of engineers of the United States Army, wrote to our chairman in November and December of this year —as follows (we quote the most pertinent portions of his letters) :
The requirements of a military highway do not differ in any material respect from those of a highway for modern commercial purposes. The character of the roadbed should in general be the same as for a modern commercial highway, and in general a road designed for modern com- mercial purposes would serve well for military purposes. In practically
all cases roads which are valuable in a miUtary way are those connecting important commercial centers. Of course, there are some cases where roads interconnecting certain defensive works, or connecting such de- fensive works with neighboring commercial centers, are needed for strategic and other miUtary purposes, but the number of such cases is small com- pared with the total length of roads useful for military purposes.
In short, it is the opinion of this office that any road that will serve for present-day commercial motor transportation will be satisfactory for
prospective military traffic of all classes. I believe that my letter to you of November 26 covers most of the points raised in this letter. One thing that I did not mention in that letter,
however, is the importance of constructing through roads, that is, roads leading from one center of population or commerce to another. The con- struction of branch roads for automobiles or tourists to \dsit points of scenic
or historical interest does not appear warranted when there is still a need for a good network of through roads in most of the States. Every effort should be made to persuade the State and county authorities to com- plete through roads before this latter class of roads is taken up.
Gen. Leonard Wood wrote, on Nov. 21, 1917, as follows: —
Of course, war demands a nation's entire resources, and the most efficient means of delivering them are needed. Thus a systematic well-
planned network of roads which can be regularly used commercially is not only a good investment, but may be of tremendous value to our miU- tary forces. While hastily or improperly built roads should not be rushed at this time, on the chance that they might be of some strategic value to our armies, substantial highway construction of economic value should not be curtailed because we are at war. Through routes connecting cen- ters of production or population aid in the prosecution of war by provid- ing additional facilities for transportation of men and supplies. There are also many roads, more especially along our coasts, the con- 56 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. struction of which would probably not be warranted from the commercial standpoint, but which are a very real necessity in coast defense plans. These, for example, might connect points of supply with selected points of defense, or enable the easy shifting and concentration of defending forces. Present roads are inadequate for such purposes in practically all coast States. It would be well to select the roads to be improved at this time after consultation with the War Department, and build those which have the greatest strategic value. It might frequently happen that a location which would make the highway a military asset would serve the community as well as another location which might be a military Uabihty. As a general rule, highways and highway bridges which are capable of sustaining modern commercial traffic will also stand under mihtary loads. A bridge or road designed for the commonly used loading of a 17-ton road roller will be safe for practically all military loads, and can be easily strengthened for the heaviest field guns now in use. Military plans are based on existing conditions, and therefore field guns and their car- riages are designed to be transported over the bridges and roads in the theatre of operations. If heavier structures were the rule, larger guns would be forthcoming. At present the largest siege guns are transported in sections, the hea\dest section weighing about 18 tons, most of which is on one axle, but distributed over a considerable area by means of cater- pillar" wheels. Highway bridges to be of military value should, therefore, be designed for the heaviest commercial loading, with a clear width of roadway of not less than 24 feet and preferably 30 feet. From the military standpoint it is desirable that they should be (1) as nearly as possible of standard design;
(2) difficult to put out of commission; (3) easy to strengthen; and (4) easy and quick to repair or replace in case of partial or total destruction. Structural steel, reinforced concrete, and masonry are the only materials which answer these requirements and at the same time have the perma- nence desired for this class of work. Structural steel fulfills the conditions named more completely than the others, but simplicity in design, using standard members and substantial construction are prime requisites.
The heavier the type of construction the more adaptable it is to any given military situation. To be of value to armies in campaign, roads should be paved for a width of not less than 18 feet and preferably 20 feet, and the total width between inside edges of ditches should be at least 30 feet. This will pro\'ide for two lines of motor trucks and allow a space on either side for the emer- gency repairs of broken-down vehicles, or the movement of troops. A shoulder width of 12 feet, either side of the pavement, would be very de- sirable, as this would give room for infantry marching without interfering with the use of the pavement for loaded vehicles. Low grades are, of course, very desirable. A grade of 3^ per cent, if not too continuous, is without objection, and occasional short stretches of 5 to 6 per cent grades No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. . 57
can be negotiated without serious difficulty. Any steeper grade has a marked tendency to bunch and slow up traffic, requires Hghter loading or more animals, and consequently reduces the capacity of the road. The foundation for the paved road should be capable of carrying the loads mentioned above, and its depth of course depends on the materials used, character of subsoil and climate. It is apparently the tendency in this country to slight this part of the work in order to reduce costs. The speed as well as the weight of motor trucks demands the most painstaking and substantial construction. The foundation and substructures should receive the most careful attention, as they are liable to fail in bad weather or when needed in an emergency. Heavier foundations than are customary would not only be good military insurance, but also lengthen the life of the wearing surface under peace-time traffic. The requirements of the wearing surface for military purposes may be
stated as (1) absolute dependence in all kinds of weather, in all seasons of the year, under the most severe usage; (2) wear-resistant, so that exten- sive or frequent repairs or maintenance will not be necessary; (3) easy and quick to repair without interrupting traffic and with simple tools and ma- terials; (4) low in tractive resistance; and (5) offering a good foothold for horses and a good grip for rubber tires, and at the same time smooth enough to allow a good rate of speed for motor trucks. Here, again, it is seen that military requirements coincide closely with industrial considera- tions. Only the highest types of standard pavement surfaces answer these requirements completely. Wearing surfaces which are not suitable for use in our cities will not stand up under concentrated highway traffic. The block pavements, such as stone or vitrified brick, are probably the best types, but in locahties where these materials are not available carefully prepared sheet pavements of proven worth can be used satisfactorily. Methods of construction or types of surfacing which are used to cheapen the first cost at the expense of the requirements stated above should not be used. They are also proving uneconomical under modern commercial traffic.
The shoulders of a road paved for a width of 20 feet, being little used for traffic, may be hghtly surfaced for a width of from 2 to 5 feet on either side. The tractive resistance of this shouldering material should not be much greater than the pavement, in order to avoid accidents when motors going at a high speed turn off the paved portion. In many locahties oiled, rolled earth will answer; in others crushed rock must be used. The construction of highways and highway bridges built by an army in the field would necessarily be governed by other considerations than those discussed. Timber would, for example, be used to a considerable extent in bridge building. The European armies, however, are giving dependa- bihty and permanence greater weight than formerly. Under war condi- tions the highways in the theatre of operations and along lines of com- munication are subjected to such severe usage and intensity af traffic that only the highest type of construction can long withstand the strain. 58 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Thus, as I look at it, the co-ordinating of highway construction in gen- eral to miUtary requirements is not a difficult matter, and might be summed up as a plea to more careful planning and better engineering supervision than has usually been the case in this country. In conclusion I would urge consideration of road construction paralleling our eastern seaboard, particularly in those localities where important fortifications exist with no first-class connecting road. No one can foresee the outcome of the present crisis nor those crises which will follow. These matters of preparedness which cannot be handled over night should be
considered well beforehand, and provided for while we still have time and allies to defend us.
Last March General Wood, while he was in command in this department, wrote Governor McCall a letter calling attention to the necessity for good roads, and especially urging the con- struction of a concentric road around Boston, which he stated would be of inestimable advantage from a military point of view if it were properly located and constructed. This same course has been recommended by all the other generals who have been here since, and by all their engineer oflScers.
Substantial Construction should not he curtailed because we are at War.
General Wood says. "Substantial highway construction of economic value should not be curtailed because we are at war.''
It is at least equally true that we must maintain the roads which we already have, and strengthen them wherever they need additional strength to enable them to carry the traffic. General Goethals has just advised that in New Jersey the main roads must be kept up, maintained and strengthened, notwithstanding the large expenditure that will be necessary because of the high price of everything, because the roads are essential to enable the necessary materials and supplies to be moved. Our military authorities seem to be unanimous on this sub- ject, and it is to be hoped that their advice is heeded before it is too late and many main routes are blocked because of uncon- structed sections of road or because the main lines are not strengthened and kept in proper repair. No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 59
Season of 1918 will he critical.
The season of 1918 will be a critical one in our country's his- tory. The United States is on trial; will it prove efficient and powerful or inefficient and weak?
Unless the country has adequate transportation facilities it cannot possibly make use of its resources. It is of no avail to mine coal, to raise food, to make guns and ammunition if after they are produced they cannot be transported to the places where they are to be used or consumed. The railroads are, of course, the backbone of our whole transportation system, but in most places the roads have to be used as well, often both, to bring the product to the railroad and to distribute it to the consumer.
As we all know, the railroads are proving to be inadequately supplied with motive power and rolling stock, and on many of them the roadbed and rails are in poor condition. They must be aided, strengthened and built up. The roads are equally necessary. They also must be put and kept in condition so they too can carry the burdens that must be put upon them. More and more will the highways have to supplement the railroads. Motor trucks will constantly use the roads in increasing numbers, not only on the short hauls, dis- tributing the products transported by rail or water, but over quite long distances on main routes connecting important cen- ters of population, commerce and supply, as well as to military encampments, etc. Already the roads have had to be used for long-distance transportation because it was almost impossible to secure deliv- eries by rail. For the past few years all sorts of commodities have been transported by trucks 40, 50 and 60 miles, and de- livered in the cities and towns surrounding Boston regularly. Many large stores have done this for three or four years. Manufacturers are beginning to do the same thing. This year it has been a very common sight to meet fleets of new motor cars and trucks coming in over the roads, all the way from Michigan, Ohio, etc., for delivery to customers in New England. Quite a number of manufacturers have delivered their motors in this way because they could not secure adequate service on 60 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. the railroads. Even two years ago the writer saw fourteen mo- tor trucks, each carrying another truck as a load, coming over the road all the way from the factory in Michigan to Spring- field and Boston, to be shipped to the French government. This past summer one large manufacturer of tires has been bringing tires regularly from the factory in Ohio to Boston by motor truck. They then go to a factory in Connecticut and get fabric and take that back. This service started with one truck, but already five large trucks have been put on this one route. The United States government within a month has sent out men to go over the roads to find the best route by which motor vehicles can be delivered from the factories in Michigan to Philadelphia and New York, because the army officers believe that the highways must be relied on rather than the railroads.
This is merely a beginning, but it is evident that we must make all our main roads strong enough to carry the traffic that will be put on them. Gaps must be filled; all weak places made strong; all narrow roads widened and made safer as well as stronger. The constant maintenance and repair of all these roads is most important of all. It will, of course, cost more money than ever before, because wages are higher, as are all materials that are used. Next Season's Work.
Several important considerations are quite evident, not only affecting the welfare of the Commonwealth and its citizens, but from a national point of view. The Commonwealth and all its departments and citizens must do their utmost to help the country. ]Maj.-Gen. Leonard Wood said, "Of course, war demands a nation's entire resources, and the most efficient means of deliv- ering them are needed. Thus a systematic well-planned net- work of roads which can be regularly used commercially is not only a good investment but may be of tremendous value to our military forces. . . . Substantial highway construction of eco- nomic value should not be curtailed because we are at war."
Ma j. -Gen. W. M. Black, chief of engineers of the United
States Army, writes on Dec. 1, 1917, referring to a previous No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 61 letter to our Commission, ^'One thing I did not mention in that letter, however, is the iniportance of constructing through roads, that is, roads leading from one center of population or commerce to another. . . . Every effort should be made to persuade the State and county authorities to complete through roads." Our policy should be to follow the advice of these tw^o dis-
•— tinguished officers, • to construct and maintain our main roads so that they will at all times be strong enough to carry the tre- mendous traffic that will soon use them, at all seasons of the year.
This means that all the gaps on important main roads should be constructed in a substantial manner. All the worn-out and weaker places on the main through lines should be reconstructed or strengthened, the narrow places widened, corners and curves improved, and the whole route made ready to carry the coming traffic. Most important of all, our existing roads on main lines must be maintained at any cost of effort or money; otherw^ise not only will the existing road be soon destroyed, and the greater part of the money spent for its construction lost, but, much more important, sections on main through roads will be- come impassable, and traffic that may be of the utmost im- portance will be blocked. One impassable section or broken- down bridge will block the whole route.
Local Materials should be used if possible. Many times this year our railroads have been congested, embargoes have been in force for days and weeks, and 6nally the Federal authorities prohibited the using of open-top freight cars for the transportation of road materials.
Our work was seriously interfered with all through the season, and the cost was very materially increased by the inability of the railroads to deliver freight promptly. Conditions may be worse next year, and therefore everything possible should be done to relieve the railroads.
One thing that we can do is to use local materials as far as possible, even though they may not wear as long. It requires from 110 to 125 carloads of broken stone to construct a mile of macadam road 18 feet in width and 6 inches thick. This stone 62 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
is shipped in open cars, and open cars are needed for coal. It requires about 25 box cars to furnish enough cement for a con-
crete road 1 mile in length, 18 feet in width and 6 inches thick;
therefore build a cement concrete road if a very heavy traffic
is expected, and if suitable local stone and sand or gravel can be secured at a reasonable cost. A road surface of very fair wearing qualities can be con- structed by the use of a local stone that would otherwise be too
soft, if a good quality of bitumen is used in the top two or three inches. A very good wearing surface can also be constructed of a suitable gravel, heated and mixed with a good quality of bitumen, and evenly spread and rolled on a properly constructed base of broken stone or gravel well shaped and rolled.
When the traffic is not too heavy, and where the only avail-
able local material is sand, a very inexpensive and fairly satis- factory surface can be made of sand heated and mixed with a good quality of bitumen evenly spread and rolled upon an even sub-base of sand hardened with clay or loam. It requires only 3 tank carloads of bitumen for each mile of the above-described bituminous road 18 feet in width, or 6 box
carloads if the material has to be shipped in barrels; therefore use local materials combined with bitumen and save the rail- roads. We can help the railroads and the country even more by making all our main highways wide enough and strong enough
to carry heavy traffic, and then keeping them in good condition every day in the year. Many of our highways already carry over 1,000 motor ve- hicles a day, and 3,000 to 5,000 have been known to pass by certain points in twenty-four hours. Many of the roads in France back of the armies carry even more traffic than this, in motor trucks. Assuming that 5,000 3-ton motor trucks used one of our main roads each twenty-four hours, they would transport over one road alone 15,000 tons a day, or 375 carloads of 40 tons each. To carry any such traffic, however, the roads must be strength- ened and a very large sum spent on their maintenance. No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 63
The Money Available.
The year 1917 was the fifth and last year during which the Commission was authorized by the Legislature in 1912 to ex- pend $1,000,000 for the construction of State highways and "small town" roads. The act, however, provided that any unexpended balance of money not spent in one year could be expended in the succeed- ing year. There will be a considerable balance left in this fund which can be used in 1918, but the Commission believes that
the Legislature should authorize it to expend this balance, and
any other money that is unexpended and available in this or any other fund, in future years. This should apply to funds appropriated for special roads or designated routes as well, as
conditions may make it impossible or inadvisable to spend all the money next year, or even within the time limit set forth in the act.
The Commission believes that if it is authorized to use all the
unexpended balances in these various funds, and all the money
that is collected from the cities and towns and paid into the. treasury because of expenditures made for the maintenance of ^ the State highways in those particular places, and to use the motor vehicle fees which are collected for use on the highways,
it will not be necessary this year for the Legislature to make any further special appropriation for either the construction or maintenance of State highways.
Over $2,000,000 a Year saved on the Average.
This would make a saving of the $1,000,000 a year heretofore appropriated for the construction of State highways, and over $200,000 appropriated last year for the maintenaijce and widen- ing thereof, a saving this year of $1,200,000. No money should be appropriated by special acts for particular roads. In 1914, $95,500 was appropriated under special acts, direct- ing the Commission to construct certain special highways; in 1915, $89,500 was appropriated for such special roads and $2,000,000 for the construction of 17 specified routes in the five western counties, a total of $2,089,500 in 1915; in 1916, $513,- 64 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
500 was appropriated by special acts for the construction of particular roads. This makes a total of $2,698,500 appropriated in these three years, to be expended in addition to the regular appropriation for State highways of $1,000,000 each year, making $5,698,500 made available in those three years, or an average of $1,899,500 a year for construction alone. Last year because of the war no special appropriations were made for highways.
Let us continue to expend the money which is unexpended and is available in continuing the policy of completing our main through routes. Let us continue to work on the roads for which appropriations have already been made whenever it is possible to secure the necessary labor and teams and the im- portance of the road justifies the work; but we should not undertake new projects at this time.
The Money necessary for Maintenance can he obtained.
The money necessary to maintain our State highways, to re- surface, widen and strengthen some of the worst sections, can be obtained without appropriating any money to be taken from the tax levy or income of the Commonwealth. If the Legisla- ture makes available the money repaid into the treasury by the various cities and towns on account of the money expended on the maintenance of the State highway in that town, that will provide a portion of the necessary money. Last year the money collected on this account was about $190,000.
Then, if 80 per cent, of the net motor vehicle fees can be used for this work also, as the law already expressly provides, that will furnish enough money for this most essential work.
Through Routes in the Towns.
Twenty per cent, of the net motor vehicle fees is by law made available for use on through routes in the towns, either for their maintenance or improvement. If this money is avail- able the Commission can continue to use it in co-operation with the towns and the counties in improving important through routes, and in helping the towns to oil and maintain roads which have already been improved and which would otherwise be destroyed. No. 54.] FUTURE POLICY OF COMMISSION. 65
As is stated elsewhere in this report, over $419,000 was ap- propriated by 190 municipalities to be used in constructing highways in co-operation with the Commission. The counties also appropriated over $133,000 for this work, and the Commis- sion had available and allotted from various funds over $468,000; so over $1,000,000 was available for this co-operative work. This most valuable work should certainly be continued, and it can be by merely using a portion of the motor vehicle fees as has been done in the past.
Money necessary to secure Federal Aid.
Massachusetts is entitled to receive aid from the Federal gov- ernment in constructing certain classes of highways. The 5^ear ending June 30, 1917, there was about $73,000 avail- able from the Federal fund. During the year ending June 30, 1918, about $146,000 more became available; and for the year ending June 30, 1919, about $219,000 additional will become available, or about $438,000 prior to the last date. To secure this money the Commission has to make an agreement with the Secretary of Agriculture by which at least one-half of the cost
of construction is to be paid by the Commonwealth or some
county or municipality. The government is limited, for its one- half of the cost, to an expenditure of $10,000 a mile. All roads to be constructed must be highways over which the
mail is, or may hereafter be, transported, as determined by the United States Department, and none of the Federal money can be expended in incorporated cities or towns with 2,500 or more inhabitants, or on any portion of any highway where the houses average less than 200 feet apart for the distance of a quarter of a mile.
After the road is constructed it must be maintained, and the Secretary of Agriculture must be satisfied that a proper provi- sion will be made for this purpose. The Commission was author-
ized by the Legislature to take all necessary steps to secure this Federal aid and to co-operate with the government. To do this
it must have the necessary money available, and for this com- ing year the unexpended balance in the State highway con- struction fund could be used. The Commission believes, however, that not only should the 66 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. unexpended balance in this fund and all other funds be made available in future years, but that the Legislature shoul^ authorize the Commission to use any funds obtained from the motor vehicle fees or from any other source in order to comply with the provisions of the Federal act. It might also be advisable to authorize the Commission to make agreements with the Secretary of Agriculture for the con- struction of sections of highway where a part or the whole of the money that had to be expended for the State's share of the cost was to be provided by the counties or by some town.
Such a course of action is very common in other States. In fact, in quite a few of the States all the money necessary to secure Federal aid has to be provided by the counties, because the State does not appropriate any money for the construction of highways. The act should provide, of course, that before entering into any agreement involving the expenditure of such money the Commission should either have an agreement in writing, signed by the county commissioners or the selectmen or proper author- ity, agreeing to expend the necessary money from their regular funds, or the town should have voted to appropriate the neces- sary money.
If the required money is made available as set forth above the Commission believes that it can carry out its policy as out- lined, during the coming season, without any additional ap- propriations, provided it is possible to obtain the necessary labor and materials, and conditions warrant the continuation of work.
Automobile Department.
Fees.
During the year 1917, 174,274 automobiles and 11,065 motor cycles were registered, as against 136,809 automobiles and 10,713 motor cycles registered in 1916. In addition to the fore- going there were 2,379 manufacturers' and dealers' registration certificates issued in 1917, including 41 motor cycle dealers. The amount of fees collected for automobiles was $1,543,272, or an average of $8.85 for each automobile, the average fee collected in 1916 being S9.05. For the 2,379 manufacturers' No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 67 and dealers' registrations, $72,225.50 was collected. The fees collected for the registration of motor cycles amounted to $21,331, and the fees collected for operators' licenses, examina- tions and sundries amounted to $325,461.10. During the year 56,467 operators' licenses were issued and 106,072 operators' licenses were renewed. The number of chauffeurs' licenses issued was 13,020, and the number of chauffeurs' renewals issued was 38,670. There are, therefore, 214,229 persons licensed to operate automobiles in this State, an increase of 42,633 over 1916. The total amount collected from registration fees, license fees, sundry receipts, interest, etc., was $1,969,994.15, an in- crease of $405,640.34 over the amount collected in 1916. From this amount had to be paid the cost of number plates, salaries of clerks, investigators, examiners, etc., in the automobile de- partment, as well as many other expenses, rebates, etc.
Eighty per cent, of the balance of the money is by law avail- able for the maintenance and repair of State highways, and 20 per cent, is available for the repair, improvement and construc- tion of roads on through routes in towns, under the provisions of chapter 525 of the Acts of 1910. For further details relating to registrations, licenses, fees, etc., see Appendix A.
Examinations.
In 1916, 12,386 persons, and in 1917, 17,224 persons, applied for chauffeurs' licenses and were examined, an increase of over
38 per cent. Of this number, 4,328 did not pass at the first ex- amination, and about one-sixth of this number failed to pass at all. In 1916, 123 persons were examined for private operators' licenses, and in 1917, 134 were examined; of these, 46 failed to pass the first time. These persons were directed to pass an examination because the Commission had some reason to doubt, either from a report or otherwise, whether they were capable of operating a motor vehicle. In some instances the doubt was raised by the report of one of our own investigators; in some cases because of reports received from the police or some out- sider; and in a few cases because of the way in which the motor vehicle was operated when some accident occurred. 68 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Special Regulations.
The Commission's reports for the years 1912, 1913, 1915 and 1916 contain synopses of the special regulations in effect throughout the State. The only regulation approved by the
Commission in 1917 is as follows: —
Haverhill. — Making Fleet Street a one-way street from IVIerrimack Street to Court Street, vehicles entering from Merrimack Street only.
Automobile Hearings.
These hearings are held either upon complaints or as a result of investigations made by the Commission's investigators, or at the request of the operators whose licenses have been suspended or revoked. Such hearings have occupied tlie entire day on Wednesday of each week, and often other days in the week as well. During the past year the Commission held 424 public hearings, the number in 1916 being 475. In addition to these the Commission receives every week a large number of reports of investigations made by its inspectors. These are read and acted upon. There were 1,548 such reports made in 1917 as against 1,470 in 1916. In 1917 the Commis- sion's investigators prosecuted 350 operators in the courts. During the year 8 operators or chauffeurs were placed on pro- bation by the Board, and were required to report regularly for a certain period, at intervals of a month or so, to some particu- lar officer. Of the persons so placed on probation 5 reported regularly, and 3 had their licenses taken away for failure to keep the terms of their probation.
Examination of Garage Records.
During the year inspections were made of 132 garages and dealers' places of business to ascertain if they were complying with the law. Where violations of the law were reported by the inspectors, cautionary letters were written if the neglect ap- peared to be accidental; in the more serious cases some were prosecuted in court; and, in some instances, the proprietors were summoned before the Commission to show cause why their licenses to operate or their registration certificates should not be suspended or revoked. No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 69
Suspension and Revocation of Licenses. The following summary shows the action taken by the Com- mission in the —various cases in 1916 and 1917, and the causes of said action :
Action taken on Formal Complaints after Hearing.
1916. 1917.
3 3
34 31
2
2
1 1
2 1
30 32
14 6
3 2
Total hearings on formal complaints, 87 80
Suspensions and Revocations.
1916. 1917.
514 717
641 794
Rights to operate in Massachusetts suspended 232 300
Registration certificates suspended or revoked, 1 9
4
1
2
5 4
Dealers' registration certificates canceled 2
1,396 1,831
Suspensions and revocations resulting from court convictions, 638 930
Suspensions and revocations after hearings on formal complaints, . 40 40
Suspensions and revocations after investigation, on which hearings 718 861 were given in some cases. 1,396 1,831 70 ^ HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Causes of Suspensions and Revocations.
1916. 1917.
203 309
Operating while under influence of intoxicating liquor, 320 485
Refusing or neglecting to stop after accident, 51 61
332 398
Improper operation, 169 171
2 6
Operating auto without owner's permission, 93 138
124 114
102 149
1,396 1,831
In 67 cases where persons were convicted of operating reck- lessly, while under the influence of intoxicating liquor, and of other offences under the provisions of section 22, chapter 534 of the Acts of 1909, as amended by chapter 290 of the General Acts of 1916, the Commission adopted the recommendation of the courts that the licenses be not revoked.
Deaths,
In 1917 there were 411 fatal accidents in Massachusetts in which motor vehicles were involved, resulting in 438 deaths. There were 18 accidents in other States in which Massachusetts operators were involved, causing 23 deaths: 7 of these deaths occurred in New Hampshire, 7 in Rhode Island, 5 in New York,
2 in Connecticut, 1 in Vermont and 1 in Maine. These acci- dents were investigated because Massachusetts operators were involved, the total number of such persons being 451. The fatal accidents were disposed of as follows, the figures for 1916 being also given: — No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 71
1916. 1917.
69 107
Licenses suspended, and reinstated after investigation and hearing, 151 209
Licenses suspended, final hearings pending, 51 40
Rights to operate in Massachusetts suspended, and, after investiga- 12 26 tion, serious fault found. Rights to operate in Massachusetts suspended, and reinstated. 9 17
Rights to operate suspended, final disposition pending, . 9 3
6 9
31 40
338 451
Convictions in Court of Various Violations of the Motor Vehicle Law.
The police have done a great deal more to make our highways safer during the past year than ever before. The courts also have done much more according to the abstracts received by the Commission. Eighty-nine different courts have sent the Commission abstracts of the cases that came before them for violations of the motor vehicle law. The Commission received over 13,000 such abstracts this year, — 3,769 more this year than last. Of this number, 12,199 were convicted in the lower court, an increase of 3,900 over last year. In 425 cases the defendant was found not guilty. Appeals to a higher court were taken in 785 of these cases. Three thousand eight hundred and twenty-two cases were placed on file or nol-prossed. Overspeeding caused the largest number of convictions, 3,803 persons being convicted on this charge; the next largest number was 2,246 convictions for failure to give a signal when approaching an intersecting way; operating with- out a license caused 1,450 convictions. Failure to stop after causing ^ injury caused the fewest convictions, only 116 persons being convicted on this count this year, or 29 fewer than last year. There were 270 convictions for reckless operation, or 73 more than last year; 703 for operating while under the influence of liquor, or 268 more than last year; 221 for using an automobile without authority, or 70 more than last year; 264 for endanger- 72 HIGmVAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. ing the safety of the public, or 87 more than last year; 248 for operating with dazzling lights, or 163 more than last year. There were also a large number of convictions for various other offences, record of which will be found in a table in the appendix in the report of the automobile department. There were 58 fewer convictions for violations of the park rules than there were last year. The abstracts show that over $105,000 was imposed in fines for violation of the statutes, an increase of nearly $49,000 over last year. The Commission has revoked or suspended the operators' licenses in all the cases of conviction for the more serious of- fences where the law required such action.
Recommendations by Trial Justices.
Under the statute of 1915 the Commission is required to re- voke the license of the operator whenever he is convicted of any of the more serious offences specified in the statute, unless the trial justice recommends otherwise. This year the judges recommended that the license be not revoked in 67 cases; in 44 of these cases the conviction was for operating under the influence of liquor; in 20, for operating recklessly; in 2, for not stopping and making himself known after causing an injury; in 1 for operating an automobile with- out authority. In most of these cases the Commission complied with the recommendation of the trial justice. In a few cases the judge, after recommending that the license be not revoked, also recommended that the Commission sus- pend the license for a certain period of time, this suggestion always being followed by the Commission. In quite a few cases long after the case was tried, but before the license could be restored under the provisions of the statute, the trial justice suggested that it should be restored. Most of these cases were convictions for operating under the influence of intoxicating liquor, which requires the revocation of the license for one year. The Commission could not comply with these sugges- tions because it felt that the law intended that the judge's recommendation was to be made as part of the case, and sent in either with the notice of conviction or very shortly after; that after the case had been finally decided and settled by the No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 73
court, and the license revoked as required by law, neither the judges nor the Commission had any discretion in the matter, and that the period required by the statute must elapse before any new license could be issued. Naturally no new license is ever issued to any person con- victed of operating under the influence of liquor until the Com- mission has satisfied itself by investigation and inquiry from the
prosecuting authorities that the operator is not in the habit of
using liquor to excess, and that it is safe to grant him another license. Suspension and Revocation of Licenses.
During the past year 1,801 licenses were suspended or revoked or the right of the operator was suspended. In 30 other cases the registration certificate or dealer's certificate, etc., was sus- pended or revoked. Nine hundred and thirty of these licenses were suspended or revoked because of court convictions. Eight hundred and sixty-one were the result of reports made by our investigators, and 40 were upon formal complaints. In many of the last two classes formal hearings were held, always when requested or before any license was revoked, but not when a license was suspended unless a request for a hearing was made. The Commission held such hearings in 424 cases.
Fatal Accidents in which Motor Vehicles tvere involved.
There were 429 such fatal accidents, resulting in 462 deaths, and involving 451 operators, the operator himself being killed in 40 of these accidents. In each case where the operator was alive the license or the right of the operator to operate was suspended. Every case was investigated. After hearings 107 licenses were revoked, and the right of 26 operators to operate was suspended, because. the Commission was unable to find that the accident happened without serious fault on the part of the operator. The license or the right to operate was restored in 226 cases where the investigation or hearing showed that the operator was not at fault. In 43 cases the license or right to operate was suspended pending an investigation or final hearing. In 9 cases the iden- 74 HIGmVAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
tity of the operator is unknown, but in two or three of these cases the accident may not have been caused by a motor ve-
hicle, and in one if not two others the operator probably did not know of the accident.
Examining and Inxestigating Department.
The work of the examining and investigating department, since the Commission was authorized by the Legislature to em-
ploy investigators, is well shown by the following table: —
Motor Number Number Autos Licenses Rights Cycles of of Licenses Yeab. regis- sus- sus- regis- Persons Persons revoked. tered. 1 pended. tered. kiUed. injured. pended
190S, .... 18,052 1,917 13* 486* 51 44
1909 23,971 2,394 54 989 132 68
1910, . . . 31,360 3,370 77 963 198 90
1911 38,907 3,658 110 1.248 254 95
1912, .... 50,132 5,034 142 1,962 325 190
1913 62,660 7,127 188 2,923 365 198
1914 77,246 8,161 229 4,010 521 231 34
1915 102,633 9,520 294 6,197 615 303 181
1916 136,809 10,713 315 9,131 641 514 232
1917, .... 174,374 11,065 438 7,282 794 717 300
1 Includes trucks and commercial vehicles.
« From July, 190S, to Dec. 1, 1908.
During this nine and one-half years 6,428 cases have been in- vestigated. This year reports were made covering investiga- tions in 1,548 of these cases. The number of motor vehicles registered, including motor cycles, increased from 147,522 in 1916 to 185,439 in 1917, an increase of more than 25 per cent. The number of people killed and injured in accidents in which motor vehicles were involved decreased from 9,446 in. 1916 to 7,720 in 1917. The number of people killed increased, but this increase was largely because many more occupants of motor vehicles were killed, rather than more people outside of the motor vehicle. The number of pedestrians killed increased from 219 in 1916 No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 75 to 260 in 1917, an increase of 41, or less than 19 per cent., while the motor vehicles increased more than 25 per cent. The number of occupants of cars killed increased from 68 in 1916 to 128 in 1917, an increase of 60, or nearly 90 per cent. This seems to indicate less careful and faster running on the country roads, where most of these accidents occur. The number of pedestrians injured by motor vehicles de- creased from 4,710 in 1916 to 4,001 in 1917, which undoubtedly indicates more care on the part of the pedestrian as well as on the part of the operator.
Accidents in which Motor Vehicles were involved.
The report of our investigating department, which will be found in the appendix, shows that there were 18,469 accidents recorded in 1916, and only 16,327 in 1917, although the num- ber of motor vehicles had increased. This decrease was about evenly distributed between the various classes of users of the highways. There were 495 fewer accidents involving pedestrians; 41 fewer involving motor vehicles; 100 fewer involving bicycles; 303 fewer with trolley cars; 466 fewer collisions with poles, curbs, etc.; 2 more with trains; and 67 fewer collisions with horses, dogs, etc. As usual there were many more accidents in the daytime than at night, but considerably fewer accidents than in 1916. In 1917, 12,841 accidents occurred in the daytime and only 3,846 at night. Fourteen thousand, five hundred and fifty acci- dents occurred on city or town streets, and only 1,777 on country roads.
Headlights on Motor Vehicles.
The regulation which the Commission made in October, 1915, requiring motor vehicles to have lights which were sufficient to show any person, vehicle or substantial object upon the road- way straight ahead of the motor vehicle for a distance of at least 150 feet, has, when properly enforced and complied with, proved to be an excellent one. The further provision that any light thrown directly ahead or
sideways shall be so arranged that no dazzling rays, from it or 76 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
from any reflector shall be at any time more than 3J feet above the ground on a level road at a distance of 50 feet or more
ahead of said vehicle, if complied with, has been of great benefit
to all other users of the highway.
Massachusetts was the first State to make such a light regu- lation, and it is very satisfactory to find that practically all the regulations which have been made or proposed in other States have substantially followed our regulation.
The enforcement of this regulation is somewhat difficult, as
there may easily be a difference of opinion as to what is a dazzling ray, etc. No one seems, as yet, to have found any better way of regulating the headlights. There are many de- vices on the market which, when put on the proper headlight properly adjusted, provide a satisfactory and safe driving light
and still do not blind the other users of the highway.
There are still too many automobiles that have not complied with the regulation, but this number becomes constantly fewer, as the police and our inspectors stop them and notify them to comply with the law, or prosecute the more flagrant cases in court. The inspectors co-operated with the local police in a large number of places in the enforcement of this light regulation. We sent an inspector for this purpose to every city or town where our assistance was requested. The inspectors stopped over 1,800 motor vehicles where the lights did not conform to the requirements of the law. In most cases the operator was warned and was told to have his lights fixed, and quite often was required to produce the car later at some specified time and place for inspection. The inspectors prosecuted over 230 operators in court for dis- playing dazzling headlights, and secured a conviction in every case. The statute requires every automobile to display two white lights at night, and a motor cycle to display one white light. There are now on the market, and in use on a number of mo- tor vehicles, headlights throwing a light of a yellow or opal tint. These lights seem to be extremely satisfactory to both the oper- ator and to the other users of the highway. People who have used them say that they give a very good driving light. They No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 77 do not dazzle any one if the light is properly focused and is not of too high a candle power. The Commission has, therefore, recommended that the statute be amended so as to permit lights with a yellow or opal tint to be used.
Accidents in the Streets of Boston. The Commission has for several years secured from the Police Commissioner of Boston, Mr. Stephen O'Meara, the statistics relating to accidents in the streets of Boston due to traffic. The public often forget that there always w^ere, and still are, a great many accidents on the highways that are caused by teams, electric cars, etc., as well as those caused by motor ve- hicles. It should be remembered also that the automobiles (including commercial vehicles) increased from 136,809 registered in 1916, to 174,374 in 1917, an increase of over 27 per cent. During this year 101 persons were killed and 2,110 were in- jured on the streets of Boston due to the traffic of various kinds. The following deaths and —injuries were due to traffic for the year ending November 30 :
1916. 1917.
Deaths. Injuries. Deaths. Injuries.
Teams, bicycles, etc., 15 402 13 394
55 366 15 395
Motor vehicles (including trucks), 48 981 71 1,302
Motor cycles, 15 2 19
In his letter Mr. O'Meara calls attention to the fact that in 1916, 45 of the deaths caused by street cars were where— an electric car ran through an open draw. He also states :
The apparent increase in fatal automobile accidents from 48 last year to 71 this year is to be accounted for largely by the fact that accidents re- ported originally as resulting in injuries only have been followed up more closely than ever before so that in ten or twelve of this year's cases death was found to have ensued in from seven days to three months after the accidents. 78 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Teams, electric cars, etc., caused 28 deaths and 789 injuries, and motor vehicles, including motor cycles, caused 73 deaths and 1,321 injuries. One ver}^ significant fact appears in the statistics both last year and this, and that is that last year 11 deaths were caused by heavy carts out of the 15 due to teams; and this year heavy carts caused 11 deaths out of the 13 due to teams. Heavy carts also caused one-half or more of all the injuries due to teams. A large proportion of the accidents are caused by slowly mov- ing vehicles, and undoubtedly in crowded streets. Our investi- gation last year into the causes of accidents showed the same thing. Most, if not all, of such accidents would be prevented by a very slight amount of care on the part of the pedestrian.
Accidents in the Streets of New York City. The police department of New York City issues a bulletin every month which contains the record of the number of acci- dents in the streets of New York. The number of street acci- dents in which persons were killed or injured for the year ending
Oct. 30, 1916, was 22,329, while for the year ending Oct. 30,
1917, it was 24,528. For the months of July, August and Sep- tember the accidents are classified according to vehicles. During these three months 40 persons were killed and 1,670 injured in accidents in which street cars were involved; 129 persons were killed and 3,564 injured in accidents in which motor vehicles were involved; 33 persons were killed and 1,352 injured in accidents in which other vehicles were involved; and 8 persons were killed and 555 injured in accidents in which no vehicle was involved. This bulletin for the month of October classifies the accidents still further. During that month automobiles killed 19 pedes- trians and injured 755; motor trucks killed 11 and injured 267; horse-drawn trucks killed 5 and injured 140; street cars killed 9 and injured 165. One person was killed and 139 were injured by falls from street cars. Stealing rides caused injuries to 1 girl and 33 boys. Collisions were a very frequent cause of injuries; 254 per- sons were killed or injured by collisions in which motor ve- hicles were involved. Collisions between street cars caused 56 No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 79 casualties; collisions between street cars and motor vehicles caused 63 casualties; collisions with horse-drawn vehicles in- jured 92 persons. The total number of persons injured in collisions involving street cars was 214 in October, 1917, and 185 in October, 1916. The statistics show that children are killed or injured in about one-third of all these accidents; that more accidents occur on Saturday than on any other day in the week; and that more pedestrians are struck by vehicles and more collisions occur between 5 and 8 p.m. than at other times. Vehicles were involved in 2,022 accidents, 395 of which oc- curred at street intersections, 411 on cross walks, and 1,116 on the street elsewhere than the above. Thirteen accidents oc- curred in protected areas, 16 at car stops, 4 in front of schools, 13 on one-way streets, 21 on bridges and 33 on sidewalks. These statistics of the accidents occurring in the streets of New York City are instructive, not only as showing the relative number of accidents caused by the various classes of vehicles, but also for the purpose of comparison with the accidents oc- curring in the streets of Boston and in the whole Common- wealth of Massachusetts. ^ They clearly show that a great many accidents would be pre- vented by a little care on the part of the pedestrian; that a great many collisions would be prevented by reasonable care on the part of the operators of motor vehicles and the motormen on the street cars; that trucks cause more accidents in propor- tion to their number than automobiles do, therefore the oper- ators of trucks should be more careful and the public should remember that a truck cannot be controlled as quickly as an automobile and they should not step out a short distance in front of a truck, affording the truck no chance to stop. There were 24,528 accidents in the streets of New York City during these twelve months, and only 16,327 accidents (in which motor vehicles were involved) recorded in the whole Commonwealth of Massachusetts in twelve months. One hun- dred and one persons were killed and 2,110 injured in the streets of Boston in twelve months in accidents in which ve- hicles were involved, while 202 persons were killed and 6,586 injured in three months in the streets of New York. 80 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Motor Vehicles Owned by the Federal Government and Used by
the Various Departments, or Owned by the Militia , etc., of the Commonwealth.
Even before war Was declared questions began to arise as to whether motor vehicles owned by the government must be registered, and whether the operators must be licensed under our laws. If they need not be registered and the operators did not have to have licenses, how were such motor vehicles and the opera- tors thereof to be identified, and in what way could the police in various cities and towns be certain that the law was not being violated. In 1908 Attorney-General Malone rendered an opinion to this Commission that motor vehicles owned by the United States government were exempt from registration in this Com- monwealth. The Commission, in April of this year, requested the opinion of Attorney-General Attwill as to whether motor vehicles owned by the Federal government, the militia of the Commonwealth, or the Home Guard, authorized by chapter 148 of the Acts of 1917, must be registered, and whether the operators thereof must be licensed. On April 24 the Commission received the reply that ^^in time of war motor vehicles owned by the United States government are exempt froni registration under our statutes while being used in military service, and the operators of such automobiles while on active duty are not required to be licensed.'' The Attorney-General also said that he was of the opinion '^that automobiles owned by the Commonwealth, the militia, or Home Guard, provided for by chapter 148 of the Acts of 1917, when called out for active duty by the Governor as Commander-in-Chief, are not required to be registered before being operated upon the highway, nor the operators thereof to be licensed while such vehicles are being used for military purposes." He further suggested that our Commission communicate with the Governor and the United States military authorities to the end that some distinguishing sign be placed on such cars while in active service. This the Commission did at once. No. 54.] AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT. 81
On May 8 the Acting Adjutant-General of the Common- wealth, by direction of the Commander-in-Chief, issued an order requiring all such motor vehicles to display ''a plate such as is used on motor vehicles registered in Massachusetts" on the front and rear of the car; the numbering and lettering for— the cars owned by the Federal government to be as follows :
U. S. A. — 1 Q. M. Corps or a similar designation representing the branch or arm of the service. This order also said that "A like system to that in the pre- ceding paragraph of this memorandum will be used for cars owned by the Commonwealth, the National Guard or the Home Guard, substituting 'Mass.' for 'U. S. A.'" Also, "Operators of within designated vehicles must comply with the laws rela- tive to the use and operation of motor vehicles in Massachusetts, except when in case of emergency it might be necessary to oper- ate at an excessive rate of speed." The United States Depart- ment Commander of this district issued similar orders at about the same time. After the Ayer cantonment began to be occupied the Com- mission commenced to receive a great many complaints from the police forces in the surrounding towns, as well as from a great many individuals, that motor vehicles were being operated by men in uniform, displaying no identification marks or merely displaying a paper or pasteboard card with "U. S. A." on it. It was also claimed that many times cars were being operated in a reckless manner and at excessive speed; that the operators in uniform refused to stop for police officers. In sev- eral instances the operator refused to give the officer his name or any information as to whom the car belonged, etc. Many times it was claimed that the police had no authority to arrest a man in uniform for violations of the law, or even if he were intoxicated. The opinion of the Commission was requested on this point early in the spring by an officer of the Boston police force. The answer, of course, was that the soldiers, whether in uniform or not, were bound to obey the laws and could be arrested for a violation, certainly when they were not on active duty, and 82 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
even then they should not be permitted to operate if they were not in fit condition to do so safely; that when possible the matter should be taken up at once with the commanding ofiicer, always if possible in case of an arrest.
In the fall, however, these complaints increased, and it seemed certain that many privately owned cars were being operated with "U. S. A." on them. The Commission therefore called this matter to the attention of General Johnston, Depart- ment Commander of the Northeastern Department, and Gen- eral Hodges in command at Camp Devens. Replies were received at once to the effect that the display of proper identification plates had been requested. Orders were also issued by General Johnston, as follows: —
If there are any officers, enlisted men or civilians pertaining to your command who have any markings on privately owned motor vehicles which would in any way tend to have them appear to be government owned, you will take the necessary steps to see that these markings are removed, and that in the future no markings that could in any way appear to repre- sent them as government owned be placed on any privately owned motor vehicles.
General Hodges wrote that he would have a serial number issued at his headquarters for each government car operated for government use, and that ^'the driver of the same will be given a card indicating that the particular car which he drives is in the government service.'*— In his letter to the Commission he continued as follows :
In answer to your inquiry as to whether your inspectors and State Police, and the police of the various towns and cities, have the power to
arrest a man in uniform if he is evidently intoxicated, or if he is driving in an extremely dangerous and reckless manner, and having arrested him, whether they should take the man to the police station, etc., I would in- form you as follows: to wit, that soldiers, whether in uniform or not, who violate the laws of the State or municipality in which they may be, are subject to arrest and retention, just as is any other citizen violating said laws. It is requested, however, that in such instances, this office be at once notified of the fact, and the men, except in very serious cases, turned over to us for trial. You can rest assured that when such cases are re- ported to us the men will get their just desserts. There is no question about your authority to arrest and hold any soldier for a violation of the law. No. 54.] RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LEGISLATION. 83
The Commission feels that the United States officers in com- mand in this Commonwealth have done and are doing all in their power to prevent violations of law and to keep our high- ways safe. It remains for all the police force of the Commonwealth and the Commission to co-operate and to see that our laws are not violated, and that any case of improper action or operation on the part of any person in uniform is called to the attention of the superior officer at once.
Recommendations for Legislation.
Headlights,
The Commission believes that the existing motor vehicle laws properly enforced are entirely adequate, and, on the whole, are producing extremely good results.
The same is true of the regulation made in October, 1915, concerning headlights. While some motor vehicles still continue to violate the regulation, a large majority have taken pains to comply with it and to do away with glaring, dazzling headlights.
It is extremely gratifying to find that while Massachusetts was about the first State to adopt a regulation defining what headlights should and should not be used, the regulation which was chosen has been taken up almost in identical terms in prac- tically every State which has since enacted any law or adopted any regulation on the subject. What is needed is a proper en- forcement of the regulation by the police in the various cities and towns. Several extremely satisfactory headlights have been made, however, which are very well liked by the owners and operators of the cars on which they have been installed, although they do not comply with our statute if strictly construed. The stat- ute requires two white lights on the front of an automobile and one white light on the front of a motor cycle. The special lights mentioned in the foregoing paragraph have a yellow or amber tint, which, if the light behind them is properly adjusted, and is not of too great a candle power, fur- nish an extremely good driving light, enabling the operator to see the whole road, and still the other users of the highway are 84 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc. not dazzled. The Commission would, therefore, recommend that an amendment be made in the statutes to permit the use of such lights, and presents herewith the draft of an act to accomplish this purpose.
App rop nations .
It will, in the opinion of the Commission, be unnecessary this year to make a new appropriation for the construction of
State highways if the Commission is authorized to use, in fu- ture years, all unexpended balances of any funds heretofore ap- propriated for the construction or maintenance of highways, and to use such balances and certain other funds which may be available from time to time to meet the requirements of the act of Congress providing for Federal aid in the construction of highways under certain conditions. No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 85
Expenditures.
The following is a summary of the expenditures of the
Massachusetts Highway Commission from Dec. 1, 1916, to x\ov. 30, 1917: —
Construction Expenditures.
ivJWIN \Ji\ K^ll X. Amount. Totals.
Barnstable County. Barnstable, $3,115 38 Bourne, 131 00 Brewster, 4 00 Chatham, 153 95 9 00 Eastham, 399 61 Falmouth, 114 13 Mashpee, 8,490 59 Orleans, 112 72 Provincetown, 1,672 26 Sandwich, 122 37 Truro, 375 51 Wellfleet, 160 21 12 00 $14,872 73 Berkshire County. Adams, $61 86 Becket, 398 41 Cheshire, 150 42 Clarksburg, 1,973 50 Egremont, 29 68 62 44 Great Barrington, 42,258 26 13 92 218 93 465 43 North Adams, 71 40 Pittsfield, 43 91 48 30 Sheffield, 947 25 Stockbridge, 136 55 30,967 65 77,847 91 Bristol County. $31,575 65 Dartmouth, ^3 45 Dighton, 90 64 Fairhaven, 45,574 19 29,403 65
Amounts carried forward j . $106,667 58 $92,720 64 86 • HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Construction Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amounts brought forward, $106,667 58 ,720 64
Raynham, 92 80 Rehoboth, 106 95 Seekonk, 89 51 Somerset, 120 46 Swansea, 82 64 Taunton, 3,231 33 110,391 27 Dukes County. Chilmark, .... S17 53 Gay Head, .... 150 47
West Tisbury, . 11 21 179 21 Essex County. Andover, S3 00
Essex, . 63 64
Gloucester, . 30,311 96
Hamilton, . 3,219 40 Ipswich, 76 78
Lynn, . 26,309 03
Methuen, . 49,010 10 Newburj^, 80 05 Newbur3^port, 1 32 North Andover, 5,607 79 Rowley, 89 29
Salisbury, . 9 44 Saugus, 17,503 09 Wenham, 45 22 132,330 11 Franklin County. Charlemont, $45,155 76 Deerfield, 117 90 Erving, 54 95
Montague, . 115 53 Orange, 38 36 Sunderland, 69 63
Whately, . 102 15 45,654 28 Hampden County. Agawam, $17 50 Brimfield, 135 22 Holj^oke, 33 60 Monson, 121 55 Palmer, 72 80 Russell, 208 59 Westfield, 27 93 Wilbraham, 48 617 67
Amount carried forward, $381,893 18 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 87
Construction Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amount brought forward, $381,893 18 \
Hampshire County. Amherst, $111 52 Easthampton, 13 78 Granby, 537 86 Hacllev, 15 99
Hatfield, . 79 74 Northampton, 103 58 South Hadley, 82 68 945 15 Middlesex County.
Acton, . $194 15
Arlington, . 31,851 68
Ashby, . 3,700 66
Ayer, . 41,445 70 Billerica, 72,467 95 Chelmsford, 196 28 Concord, 258 45 Framingham, 41 64
Lexington, . 8,714 47 Lincoln, 496 51 Littleton, 103 27 Maiden, 3,148 46 Marlborough, 2,400 63 Melrose, 3,632 17 Natick, 32 54 Newton, 126 88 North Reading, 98 Reading, 8 69 Shirlej^ 254 55
Stoneham, . 3 98 Sudbury, 3 35 Tyngsborough, 12 45 Woburn, 24,370 44 193,465 88 Norfolk County. Braintree, $2,683 94 Holbrook, 8,892 30 Milton, 1,955 62 Needham, 116 04 Norwood, 178 16 Randolph, 501 82 Stoughton, 146 03 Walpole, 2,158 99 Wellesley, 28 99 Weymouth, 1,112 17 Wrentham, 85 28 17,859 34
Amount carried forward, $594,163 55 88 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
CoxsTRrcTiox ExPEXDimiES — Continued.
TOWX OR CITY Totals.
Amount brought forward,
Plymouth County.
Abington, . S79 78 Bhdgewater, 12,492 53
Brockton, . 121 58 Duxbury, 56 71 East Bridgewater, 11,709 07 Hanover, 42,508 34
Hingham, . 278 58
Kingston, . 8,754 41 Marion, 55 25
Marshfield, . 72 76 Middleborough, 133 45
Pembroke, . 23 00
Phmouth, . 1,822 44
Rochester, . 765 45
Rockland, . 22 25 Scituat^, 25 00
Wareham, . 19,843 70 West Bridgewater, 7 00
"Wliitman, . 144 77
Worcester County. Ashburnham, $255 /4
Athol, . 43 99 Auburn, 110 02 Charlton, 424 79 Dudley, 7,502 03 Fitchburg, 24 55 Gardner, 66 39 Grafton, 777 65 Hardwick, 86 48 Holden, 63 19 Leicester, 3 45 Lunenburg, 35 33 Xorthborough, 36 47 Xorthbridge, 19,628 82 Oakham, 199 45 Oxford, 9,979 39 Paxton, 238 80 Phillipston, o Princeton, 21
Rutland, 20 i 06 Spencer, 3 45 Templeton, 15 18 Uxbridge, 9,783 72 Webster, 368 S3
Amounts carried forward. $49,931 12 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 89
Construction Expenditures — Concluded.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amounts brought forward J $49,931 12 $693,079 62
OK) iK) Westminster, 137 40 Winchendon, 111 37 Worcester, 72 71 50,283 30
$743,362 92
Expenditures under "Small Town" Acts.
[Chapter 344 of the General Acts of 1917, Part I.J
Barnstable County. Eastham, $2,485 00 Harwich, 500 00
Truro, ...... 5,000 00 $7,985 00 Berkshire County. Alford, $1,390 00 Becket, 1,517 03 Egremont, 482 72 r loriua, ...... DDU uunn Hanco*ck, 453 86 Hinsdale, 403 50 Monterey, 1,497 88 Mount Washington, 684 28 New Marlborough, 3,243 51 Otis, 896 00 Richmond, 3,010 45 Sandisfield, 912 52 Savoy, 1,406 48 Tyringham, 3,429 84 Washington, 91 95 West Stockbridge, 1,701 20 21,781 22 Bristol County. Berkley, $1,485 00 2,505 46 Rehoboth, 2,215 87 Westport, 2,496 00 8,702 33 Essex County. Boxford, $1,039 17 1,039 17
Amount carried forward, . $39,507 72 90 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Expenditures under "Small Town" Acts — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amount brought forward, ),507 72
Franklin County. Colrain, $2,000 00 Conway, 4 25 Erving, 2,955 82
Gill, . . 800 00 Hawley, 750 00 Heath, 600 00 Leverett, 1 25 Leyden, 950 00 Monroe, 601 75 New Salem, 991 60
Rowe, . 1,400 00 Shutesbury, 750 00 Warwick, 800 00 Wendell, 1,250 00 13,854 67 Hampden County.
Brimfield, . $2,000 00 Chester, 1,517 55 East Longmeadow, 3,000 00
Granville, . 407 22
Hampden, . 797 75 Holland, 400 00 Ludlow, 2,495 00 Monson, 1,233 70 Montgomery, 400 00
Southwick, . 6 23 12,257 45 Hampshire County. Belchertown, $60 00 Chesterfield, 145 20 Easthampton, 99 34 Enfield,_ 1,629 84
Greenwich, . 950 00 Middlefield, 10 00 Pelham, 2,100 00
Plainfield, . 657 12 Prescott, 930 00 Westhampton, 1,437 04 Worthington, 1,000 00 9,018 54 Middlesex County. Dunstable, $400 00 Pepperell, 67 90 Townsend, 297 00 764 90
Arnount carried forward, . $75,403 28 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 91
Expenditures under "Small Town" Acts — Concluded.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
$75,403 28
Norfolk County. Foxborough, $520 00 Sharon, 2,000 00 2,520 00 Flymouth County. Bridgewater, $1,495 64 Carver, 2,501 14 Halifax, 415 10 Marshfield, 3,490 64 Norwell, 4,134 90 West Bridgewater, 3,395 94 15,433 36 Worcester County. Berlin, $600 00 Bolton, 1,600 00 Dana, 1,000 00 Harvard, 1,000 00 Hubbardston, 3,550 00 Mendon, 845 22 North Brookfield, 155 09 Northborough, 2,000 00 Oakham, 300orvrk 00f\f\ Paxton, 1,889 00 Phillipston, 1,600 00
1 -Ll\_/J^T? OVflC*i.OstoTiVwXJ., 8%j 7001 \J\J 00\J\J ...... J Rutland, 1,230 38
Sturbridge, . . . . . 585 67 Winchendon, 3 50 20,058 86
$113,415 50 92 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Expenditures under Chapter 221, General Acts of 1915, for the Construction of Roads in Western Massachusetts Counties.
TOWN OR CITY Amount. Totals.
Route No. 1.
Sheffield, . S18,229 10 Great Barrington, 9,189 86 $27,418 96
Route No. 2. Cummington, $31,226 07 Windsor, 30,938 18 Dalton, 134 89 Goshen, 78 00 62,377 14 Route No. 3.
Otis, . $4,445 38 Sandisfield, 220 27 Becket, 50,162 95 54,828 60 Route No. 4- Hinsdale, $453 17 Washington, 48,969 50 Becket, 143 47 49,566 14 Route No. 5. Worthington, $51,916 86 Huntington, 95,999 94 Cummington, 301 91 148,218 71 Route No. 6. Hinsdale, ,419 07 Worthington, 329 65
Peru, . 70 97 9,819 69 Route No. 8. Palmer, $16,849 70
Ware, . 27,501 53 Belchertown, 9,637 80 Enfield, 19 60 54,008 63 Route No. 9. Southwick, $66,779 86 Agawam, 4,530 50 Granville, 4,459 78 75,770 14 Route No. 10. Goshen, $5,693 13 Ashfield, 22,703 98 Conway, 23,924 93 Deerfield, 27,180 39 '9,502 43
Amount carried forward, $561,510 44 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 93
Expenditures under Chapter 221, Gener.\l Acts of 1915, for the Construction of Roads in Western Massachusetts Counties — Concluded.
TOWN OR city. Amount. Totals.
$561,510 44
Route No. 11.
. Gill, . $506 13 Northfield, 57 02 563 15 Route No. 12. $3,645 31 Petersham, 1,085 31 Rutland, 1,561 71 Oakham, 1,207 75 7,500 08 Route No. 13. Upton, $14,060 36 Grafton, 38,776 62 Hopedale, 12 56 52,849 54 Route No. 14. Warwick, S344 14 Orange, 3,473 23 3,817 37 Route No. Id. Russell, $15,735 25 15,735 25 Route No. 16.
Wales, . $o8,85o 15 58,855 15 Route No. 17. Williamsburg, $1,204 07 Chesterfield, ...... 9,222 44 Northampton, ....*.. 29,243 02 39,669 53
$740,500 51 94 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures.
[Chapter 208, Special Acts of 1916.]
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Barnstable County. Barnstable, $3,199 44 Bourne, 4,426 38 Brewster, 1,737 81 Chatham, 938 04 Dennis, 1,926 93 Eastham, 657 67 Falmouth, 3,192 23 Harwich, 1,099 66 Mashpee, 243 53 Orleans, 2,021 97 Provincetown, 312 67 Sandwich, 1,535 18 Truro, 1,547 28 Wellfleet, 1,084 81 Yarmouth North, 504 29 Yarmouth South, 353 57 $24,781 46 Berkshire County. Adams, $247 47 Becket, 16,762 25 Cheshire, 938 81 Clarksburg, 305 54 Dalton, 538 45 Egremont, 402 49 Florida, 2,945 73
Great Barrington, . . . . 927 79 Hanco*ck, 963 76 Hinsdale, 179 31 Lanes borough, 344 70 Lee, 1,883 40 Lenox, 2,143 93 New Marlborough, 14 67 North Adams, 10,126 06 Pittsfield, Richmond, 160 50
Savo}'', . 425 90 Sheffield, 1,020 51 Stockbridge, 536 26 Williamstown, 87 90 Windsor, 104 75 46,319 16 Bristol County. Acushnet, $2,160 51 Attleboro, 2,441 80 Berkley, 335 36
Amounts carried forward, . $4,937 67- $71,100 62 1
No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 95
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Atnn'ijfifji hvniwhf fnnunTfl fi7 %71 100 62
2 4711 14 Dartmouth, ...... Z^,rt JL 1 977 .M^Dis'ht.nTi±^XX\J\Jl.Xy ...... Ui Easton, ...... o,iO< oy X CtXl lid' V yo Fall River 1 n OU
XTXCA/XXOXXV^XViIVTansfipld yjyj00 ^
^nrthJh. 1 yjX UXX wtAttlpbormiffhX V VXV^ KJ\J± \J LXgXX^ . • • • 00/ iy Norton, ...... 1117 81 "R Q vriViPiTTi 70*^ -LVdJ' XlllcUll, ...... / uo ox Rehoboth, o/5^70U ^7
Kyv/V/XXVyXXXi.Rpplconk 87 J ••••••• Q7 Somerset, y / 9 99fi 89 VV C^XxOVyCL, ...... TflnntoTi Q12 9*^ Westnnrt uu 27,518 27 T^ijTc.pr dmintii <£1 79A Chilmark, «tPlj ' -^t: o-± Edgartown, Ou 44 1 C^l 1 98 VJ Cl V -LiCiXvl, ...... ijOii Oak Bluffs, cn 00 Ti«sbiirv 87 XXokyLlXj- • Ol ^ ...... ioo 1 HQS TfCOl; XliSlJU.lj', ...... ZD
AmpcibiiT'vX.XXXVyO . . ^ dX ^ ,• • » . . UU Andover, Ol87 Beverly, ...... o,yuo TbO T)flnvprs CO 90 Essex, 7Q K^A frloiippcit.prV>< XVJLl^^O uox 9 C7 , z,oo± (rrovpI and VJ X v-/ V ^XClXXvl , . . , . • oy QQ JLJ-CtXXXXXTTflmiltoT)l;V^XX, ...... yy Haverhill, 41/1 Ipswich, 7 1 99 84 T^a wrpnpp XJCi.W X OXX^-'V, ...... 440 21 U^JLvrmxxxx, ...... 764 19 Merrimac, 902 02
Methuen, . 8,825 26 Middleton, 415 34 Newbury, 1,496 89 Newburyport, 635 03 North Andover, 2,201 71 Rockport, 1,054 39 Rowley, 1,588 32
Amounts carried forward, . $44,699 52 $103,282 82 96 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount.
Amounts brought forward, $44,699 52
Salem, . 1,301 76
Salisbury, . 1,207 05 Saugus, 1,502 21 Swampscott, 546 86 Wenham, 1,082 75 West Newbury, 1,294 45
Franklin County. Ashfield, 07 Bernardston 1,651 67 Buckland, 3,875 14 Charlemont 1,572 16 Colrain, 251 95 Deerfield, 1,225 64 Erving, 4,921 64
Gill, . 48 00 Greenfield, 1,497 33 Montague, 2,398 76 Northfield, 1,034 73 Orange, 1,941 90 Shelburne, 965 68 Sunderland, 279 51 Whately, 147 03
Hampden County. Agawam, $2,133 54
Brimfield, . 443 02 Chester, 1,636 51 Chicopee, 1,282 84 East Longmeadow, 886 68 Hoh^oke, 1,029 24 Monson, 449 33 Palmer, 10,163 25 Russell, 1,013 47
Springfield, . 22 75
Wales, . 105 42 West Springfield, 125 07
Westfield, . 1,742 03 Wilbraham, 4,894 18
Hampshire County. Amherst, $682 36 Belchertown, 533 35 Easthampton, 422 54 Goshen, 394 55 Granby, 1,300 85
Amounts carried forivard, $3,333 65 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 97
Repair akd Maintenance Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
$3 383 65 «202 742 Q6
XACv^XVy > • ••••••• 1,084 71 JTLdLllclLl, ...... c/Uo XXUlitlil^tvJIljTTmrfin o"fT»n ...... Wl tlldlll^tUllj ...... 333 13 Smith HflHlpv 1 3Q1 kJVJUull XJ.dHlCJ' J ...... 60 kJUUtlldlll^tUXlj ...... X xrt rro
¥t dl C, . . . 1 178 10 3f^Q VV llllcllllbUUl ...... 6^^ Qc/,iZiD196 XU16 IVfi/lfllpfiPX dnii.ntii Acton, %1 834 45 Xl.OllUj'j ...... X3.oXIx
crVi Q 4AQ i-VAclXIVT rlXkJL/XhnroiULl^XXji ...... 78 A'TpH fnrd 987 03 XtXv^vXX VJX LX...... IVltJllUotJj ...... lyo DO l>
Reading, . . 655 85 Shirley, 315 00 Somerville, 604 30 Stoneham, 651 18 Sudbury, 2,484 94 Tewksbury, 6,459 56 Townsend, 1,390 05 Tyngsborough, 3,457 56
Amounts carried forward, . $61,551 85 $211,869 12 98 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY Amount.
Amounts brought forward, $61,551 85
Watertown, 453 91 Wayland, 687 48 Westford, 1,721 88 Weston, 611 54 Wilmington, 1,218 56 Winchester, 740 12 Woburn, 1,078 34
Nantucket County. Nantucket, $998 15
Norfolk County.
Avon, . $86 18 Bellingham, 687 36 Braintree, 236 30 Canton, 2,293 04 Cohasset, 626 01 Dedham, 800 15 Dover, 503 06 Foxborough 536 22 Franklin, 1,865 01 Holbrook, 298 13 Milton, 157 07 Needham, 1,240 72 Norfolk, 225 27 Norwood, 383 40 Plainville, 291 38 Quincy, 618 71 Randolph, 540 28 Sharon, 48 19 Stoughton, 1,376 46 Walpole, 480 12 Wellesley, 293 27 Westwood, 154 82 Weymouth, 1,742 50 Wrentham, 1,752 53
Plymouth County. Abington, $685 42 Bridgewater, 819 43 Brockton, 619 92 Duxbury, 1,076 21 East Bridgewater, 55 37 Hanover, 357 09
Hingham, . 633 60
Kingston, . 273 91
Amounts carried forward, $4,520 95 0
No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 99
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
ffl>yi con r»c (D'OAO 1 /3T li-iflUUlLlbA 'yyi/^^i^fo UiUUynl/Fit* 1/1 n't JurWUiUf/i/Tr***/! 95 55298, lo7 13
1 A J_id,ivc VlllCj ...... 14 1 /I 1 A i.V±d.l lUllj ...... l,4iU 11 IVTnrciVifiplrl 1 onn XVicll olUJClLlj ...... O Ci.f\0 iVid. llcipUlteclilj, ...... ATi H H 1 p Hnrm 1 D^Vi ±tX1LIL11C L/Vjl VJ U^ll, ...... Pembroke, ooi oD K 1 f\f\ 1 c JTlyillOULiil, ...... OjlUU 15 1 c XtUL-ilCo UC-l , • . . . . 15 OA ii.UL/iv.ictmj.,T? r»p Irl Q nri ...... oUo CJCltUo/ttJ,S/^i+n Q tp ...... d3 1 KOO OA VVcHclldlll, ...... \,bZ6 2U CXCi. VV coL J_)l Itlgc d, Icl DO W , ..... Whitman, 0 1 /I o200 2o,321oc 001 93AO
A1 JJUB UUll, ...... $821 Ul c 0 V^llclocd/, ...... 875 58 T^p-iT^P'ro NTrk'rW'n XXt/VclC, X 1 Ul Cll, ...... 182 70 TO XXcVtiit:,T-? P'\rP T*P xudaiijrTQcf ...... 066 73 AT XvtJVcie,T?P*\7'PT*P AA/oci"VVcol, ...... 97 2,/yu 99on
CO Ashburnham, $c),4t)c> 53 xxuixv/i,Athol ...... 2,688 85 An /( Xi.LlUU.lll,bum ...... 3,157 42 Barre, ...... 394 10 JJlCHjJVStUllC,"Rl n Pircfrinp ...... 1,617 11 1 /IOC c 0 JDi OUKHtJlLl, ...... 1,435 53 V_^ilcll ItOll, ...... , 1,793 32 J-^Utl^ldO,lir»n crloa ...... 941 17 i-zuuiey,Ill 1 H 1 PIT ...... 1,542 23 r» 1 o 0 er J? llLllUUlg, ...... 918 35 VJclltlilcl, ...... 1,033 20 OT VJl dl tvjll, ...... 2,429 87 XldlQWlClv, ...... 405 95 XXdl \ dill-l, ...... 907 80 XlUlQcil, ...... 1,874 18 ijailLd/OLcl , ...... 606 35 Leicester, 2,477 34 Leominster, 1,158 03 Lunenburg, 1,148 59 Milford, 802 04 Millbury, 8,151 60 Millville, 965 09
New Braintree, . . . 36 46 North Brookfield, 417 07
Amounts carried forward, . $40,355 18 S327,280 05 100 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance Expenditures — Concluded.
TOWN 0"R r;TTv J. OX/ciio.
Amounts brought forward, . $40,355 18 $327,280 05
Northborough, 6,430 30 Northbridge, 132 46 Oxford, 732 77 Paxton, 650 72 Phillipston, 227 71 Princeton, 56 20 Rutland, 129 77 Shrewsbury, 1,138 02 Southborough, 830 65 Southbridge, 244 70 Spencer, 7,292 99
Sterling, . . . . . 2,472 54 Sturbridge, 865 20 Sutton, 587 67 Templeton, 3,297 23 Uxbridge, 812 87 Warren, 1,448 51 Webster, 584 01 West Boj'lston, West Brookfield, 7,733 55 Westborough, 754 20 Westminster, 5,745 84 Winchendon, 1,617 85 Worcester, 1,754 50
87,264 22 .
$414,544 27 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 101
Expenditures from Motor Vehicle Fees Fund.
[Chapter 534, Acts of 1909.] Repairs of State Highways.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Barnstable County. Barnstable, $18,446 46 Bourne, 4,259 11 Brewster, 4,470 58
Chatham, . 1,487 38 Dennis, 7,329 30 Eastham, 1,209 98
Falmouth, . 17,285 80
Harwich, ' . 6,406 37 Mashpee, 2,220 61 Orleans, 2,033 60 Provincetown, 844 26
Sandwich, . 1,516 93
Truro, . 1,265 84
Wellfleet, . 1,248 20
Yarmouth, . 11,842 93 $81,867 35 Berkshire County. Adams, $529 74 Becket, 24,518 76 Cheshire, 2,220 63 Clarksburg, 1,891 00 Dalton, 868 71
Egremont, . 691 90 Florida, 4,303 38 Great Barrington 2,141 40 Hanco*ck, 3,663 91 Hinsdale, 390 02 Lanesborough, 303 60 Lee, 6,476 53
Lenox, . 2,577 71 New Marlborough 11 00 North Adams, 27,617 99
Pittsfield, . 13,651 63
Richmond, . 4,567 46
Savoy, . 1,096 64
Sheffield, . 2,923 96 Stockbridge, 1,273 24 Williamstown, 19,119 47 Windsor, 692 03 121,530 71 Bristol County. Acushnet, $7,012 60 Attleboro, 9,730 21
Amounts carried forward, $16,742 81 $203,398 06 102 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repairs of State Highways — Continued.
TO\N"X OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Aiyiounts brought forward, $16,742 81 $203,398 06
Berkley, 358 63 Dartmouth, 9,488 02 Dighton, 17,895 77 Easton, 13,960 72
Fairhaven, . 143 96
Fall River, . 13 92
Freetown, . 20,368 68
Mansfield, . 261 99 North Attleborou 4,433 09 Norton, 935 08
Raynham, . 6,874 96
Reiioboth, . 1,712 19 Seekonk, 1,600 17 Somerset, 15,359 59 Swansea, 11,556 95 Taunton, 15,108 54
Westport, . 20,736 29 157,551 36 Duk es County.
. 00 Chilmark, . S73 Edgarto\\Ti, 3 00
Gay Head, . 89 75 Tisbury, 919 26 West Tisbury, 5,355 87 6,440 88 Essex County Amesbury, $531 73 Andover, 12,646 87 Beverly, 4,498 70 Danvers, 91 67
Essex, . 501 70 Gloucester, 6,669 63 Groveland, 318 89 Hamilton, 1,058 66 Haverhill, 1,235 31 Ipswich, 4,758 61 Lawrence, 524 22
Lynn, . 573 81 ^lerrim.ac, 588 21 ]Methuen, 45,135 66 Middleton, 407 29 Newbury, 582 25 Newburyport, 237 96 North Andover 4,646 19
Rockport, . 144 82 Rowley, 1,865 26
Amounts carried forward, $87,017 44 $367,390 30 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 103
Repairs of State Highways — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
A A A vyimitif'i hrnojnhf inYiDfiTfl 44 {t>oD7,o90 30
1 A nn Q 1 o3,1G1I1, ...... kjaiibuuiy, ...... 55 oo 1 1 n DdUgUo, ...... 6Z,ll\) 95 OWllIIipbLUllj ...... o5 A^Gnham, ...... LZ1 o VV cSlr iNcvVUUljj ...... i,DoD 0/ 144,1/1/1 z75O'TC 39OA
xlollllt;lU.j ...... OO 1 AIQ on JJCl ilcll vlo Livyll yu J ...... JjULJv1c111U.j ...... 84 ^ ono Vi n rl PTTi nn f, v_^iicii iciiiuinjj ...... U9 1 1 97 v^oirdiii, ...... ^0 O O^iQ Q'7 -L-'ccl ilciU.j ...... Z,ZDO O/ XUlVlll^, ...... 09 1 1 QO 07 vjrIccHlit;iU.j ...... i,ioZ Zi '71 XVXL/llOdgLlCjA/Tontci Clip ...... 71o 9U 0*7 £! X> Ul uIllJClLl 71 J ...... wrdiigc, ...... 1LZ,140O 1 /I K ol O KCt^ Ol oiiciijuriic, ...... Z,0oo OUllUclSi in ri PT'1IdllU-jQ n rl ...... D4D 9/ Whnfplvvviidieijj ...... 4,899 d5 o 1 1 A r 91,145 13 iJ Ufilyilfyfl KyUHILvy, HI A A .rxgdWdllX, ...... / 8 CO xjiiinnciQ, ...... 9ol DZ l;nP
r-i /~v 1 '\Tr\ iz'a xioiyoKt}, ...... , 634 74 i.VXL/iiciJxX^ ...... 300 37 oo C/(0 Q r; Jrainier, ...... ^Z,o4z oo nUbocll, ...... 6,075 64 A\rp<5fVV COl/ k?SriTino'fiplHjjl lilgliClV-l 793 51 J ..... VV cSLIlcltlj ...... 4,4z0 08 VV iiurdiidiii, ...... 38,253 46 84,452 68 iiuriipbfiLit lyUuiLLy, Amherst, $1,396 53 Belchertown, 547 12
Easthampton, . . . . 2,666 82
Goshen, ...... 627 S9 Granby, 1,543 50 Hadley, 543 26 Hatfield, 435 49 Huntington, 2,384 62
Amounts carried forward, . $10,145 23 $687,263 50 104 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repairs of State Highways — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
j Amounts brought forward, S10,14o 23
Northampton, 22,142 57 South Hadley, 3,892 OS Southampton, 199 60
Ware, . 1,476 12 Williamsburg, 1,178 25
Middlesex County.
Acton, . S2,131 55 Ashby, 1,209 69 Ashland, 399 50 Aver, 1,327 60 Bedford, 357 78 Billerica, 212 23 Boxborough, 520 23
Burlington, , 523 58 Chelmsford, 1,273 81 Concord, 942 17 Dracut, 1,099 14 Framingham 653 05 Groton, 436 37 Holliston, 1,305 68 Hudson, 434 46 Lexington, 9,997 77 Lincoln, 24,954 05 Littleton, 2,798 24 Lowell, 1,058 41 Marlborough, 57,338 43 Medford, 454 31 IMelrose, 206 75 Natick, 37,587 28 Newton, 224 66 North Reading, 30,305 15 Pepperell, 907 22 Reading, 9,561 74 Shirley, 462 21 Somerville, 402 85 Stoneham, 765 70 Sudbury, 8,305 45 Tewksbury, 25,781 47 86 Townsend, . 1,350 Tyngsborough 6,758 33 Watertown, 244 75
Wayland, . 4,679 88
Westford, . 700 06 Weston, 1,455 59 Wilmington, 3,702 98
Amounts carried forward, $242,830 98 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 105
Repairs of State Highways — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
(i>TO/^ r»fvT /xTilOUTllo UTOttyfll JuiWilTU^ 98 $726,297 35
1,58d 45A r 1,DC>0 C>1 246,053 74
oo In aniucKe I, ...... ^000 83 boo 83oo 1\ UiJULh/ (JUfLLy. XiVUlljA vnn ...... $571 67 /ICC oc Jj(3111IlgIl
J^tJUlldlllj . . . . 90 Dovcr^ ...... oy4 2i TTnY r»r»T*r>i i orn X" UAUUl UUgllj ...... 00/ Do Franklin, o9z d7 1 1 o xx\jiKji.Kjyjj\.^Hrtlbrnnlc ...... li^ 9d XVXlltUlljAyTilfnn ...... o,5o4 90 Oft X>l CCV^llCllllj ...... 4uy zy J.ivJlXUllV,IVnrfnlk ...... 221 54 r ncn i-i v^i vvvjuv-ij ...... OjUoU ol X Idlli VllltJj ...... yul 50 v^uiiicy, ...... 0,557 41A 1 Randolph, 5/o oycft oiiaiuii,SVi Q T*/~>r> ...... 80 90 k-/l/ULl^XiL'\JXl,Sf r»i 1 o'Vi'f.n'n ...... d9 VV dipUltJ, ...... 5,750 51
TV CllCiSlCj' , . 02 VVcoLWiJUll, ...... 3d VV t;jlllUU.ull, ...... 763 48 A^TPn f Vl n TYl TT 1 CllUlldlllj ...... 8,462 04 65,402 22 jTLyifiuuiiL K^ouiiiy, xxUlllgLUllj ...... $2,896 46 -DriQgewatur , ...... 959 94 JJl (JLK.l(JIl, ...... 656 10 i^uxumy, ...... 13,766 12 Xlidbt JJllLlgcWclltJl , ..... 1 11 Hanover, 4,870 35
Hingham, . . . . 5,136 02 Kingston, 1,032 63 Lakeville, 11,439 15 Marion, 13,952 61
Marshfield, . . . . 5,684 45
Mattapoisett, . . . 21,265 38 Middleborough, 11,006 30
Amounts carried forward, . $92,666 62 $1,038,409 14 106 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repairs of State Highways — Contimied.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amounts brought forward, $92,666 62 $1,038,409 14
Pembroke, 1,608 69 Plymouth, 22,735 69 Rochester, 7,043 63 Rockland, 6,066 39 Scituate, 5,406 09 Wareham, 9,345 63 West Bridgewater, 189 37 Whitman, 1,146 67 146,208 78 Suffolk County.
Boston, . . . . . $8,002 01 Chelsea, 477 04 Revere, 643 07 9,122 12 Worcester County. Ashburnham, $2,520 26 Athol, 22,001 15 Auburn, 3,544 81 Barre, 1,687 68 Blackstone, 1,372 09 Brookfield, / 22,108 10 Charlton, 2,312 25 Douglas, 208 45
Dudley, . . . . . 137 48 Fitchburg, 18,301 33 Gardner, 2,067 56 Grafton, 1,923 55 Hardwick, 150 26 Harvard, 749 82 Holden, 4,249 30 Lancaster, 180 08 Leicester, 19,641 42
Leominster, . . . 436 83 Lunenburg, 1,925 18 Milford, 1,048 18 Millburv, 35,010 03 MillviUe, 639 17 New Braintree, 31 40 North Brookfield, 61 53 Northborough, 16,846 90 Northbridge, 467 50 Oakham, 283 01 Oxford, 444 10 Paxton, 1,141 67 Phillipston, 373 08 Princeton, 359 50
Amounts carried forward, . $162,223 67 $1,193,740 04 0
No. 54:.] EXPENDITURES. 107
Repairs of State Highways — Concluded.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
A'mnojtTf'i hrni/nhf frtTiDfiTfl A7 %1 193 740 04
1 1 7/1 XVUtlclllU.j ...... 1,1/4 11 lo,OUo ysOQ OUUtllUUIUUJ^llj ...... O/ OUULllUllU.g,Cj ...... oi yo
OpcllLci . iu,yuo ol J ...... 9 477 09 kjtdiiij.gjSf.prlmcr ...... Uii k?Lul Ul JU.gCj ...... Dlo U4 HOT k-'Rut,Vi tonl/vyAA 11 J ...... nPom Tj 1 P'f nn X Clil|Jit; UUiij ...... 18,421 Do UXUlltlgCj ...... 1,424 32 Warren, 7,604 02 Webster, 6,481 22 West Boylston, 18,320 53 West Brookfield, 1,615 54 Westborough, 874 21 Westminster, 10,335 74 Winchendon, 6,619 54 Worcester, 14,839 27 279,347 39
$1,473,087 43 108 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance of Town and County Ways.
[Chapter 525, Acts of 1910.]
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
BciT7istable County. xvcimiiSj ...... $149 61 J dllllUuLllj ...... 1,532 27 $1,681 88 Berkshire County. Becket, $1,151 10 r^,l rlrtsKn \_/ltlxn IS-oULllTO" ...... 1,086 78 -I. JCVi-AVvO V/ tA^XA, ...... 1,713 51 XlCW xiolll vJX ...... 976 01 New ]\Iarlborough, 39 63
J.T'p'TIl 627 63 Cl VXf ...... T? 1 p Vi TT) nn n X VlL'lllllUllV.i, ...... 949 36 Sheffield, 22 47 VVcbt otucivuiii-igt;, ..... 1,086 04 W^iTT XXXXC«XllKJ1 1 i a rrmt.nwnTT XX, 14,079 40 21,731 93 J^riRtnJ cnu*tifTJ /^LUfellilCli, ...... $500 00 AJCl JvlCj' ...... 807 98 J-^C-tXT)fl rt,mf XXXV/DiLi1 thVXX 00 , 2,850 ilCCvUWll,TTrppt nwn ...... 3,275 00 XT v/x uwxx, ...... 265 95 7,698 93 i^lllvJoUUl $7,293 33 J , ...... A nfirk'^T'PT Xi-llLlU V Cl ...... 3,775 87 J_/V-/^XTioxford\_/x 344 81 , ......
T)ftri . J^CVXXvprsV \_/X o,...... 8,120 26 vjrcui tu vv 11, ...... 1,232 10 frrnvplaX l_/ V V/XCvXXVX,nd 5,400 00 Timwiph 71 07 .L^wfO TT XV^XX, ...... T .imnriolri ijjk' llllilCld, ...... 4,690 87 Merrimac, 7,000 00 Methuen, ...... 400 00 IVTirlfllpf nn no iV±HJ.LlH^ l/Uxl, ...... 1,UUU i>ewL)ury, ...... 258 93 Peabody, 3 00 Rowley, 365 83 Saugus, 2,312 83 Topsfield, 2,399 06 Wenham, 500 00 West Newbury, 1,193 23 46,361 19 Franklin County. Bernardston, $2,307 30 Deerfield, 1,379 34
Amounts carried forward, . $3,686 64 $77,473 93 ,
No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 109
Repair and Maintenance, etc. — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amounts brought forward, $3,686 64 $77,473 93
Erving, 858 70 New Salem, 211 25
Northfield, , 3,815 50 Sunderland, 3,000 00 11,572 09 Hampden County. Agawam, $639 62
Blandford, . 1,875 15
Brimfield, . 1,257 98 East Longmeadow, 1,492 00 Ludlow, 245 00 Monson, 265 90
Southwick, . 2 08
Westfield, . 1,823 42 West Springfield, 28 33 Wilbraham, 2 47 7,631 95 Hampshire County. Belchertown, $1,209 30 Hadley, 5,000 00
Hatfield, . 2,500 00 Huntington, 212 61
Plainfield, . 998 51 Southampton, 4,676 18 Williamsburg, 713 29 15,309 89 Middlesex County.
Acton, . $1,125 52
Ayer, . 2,035 89 Bedford, 400 00 Billerica, 6,764 87 Carlisle, 200 00 Concord, 4,500 00
Dunstable, . 400 00 Framingham, 986 64
Holliston, . 6,000 00
Hopkinton, . 2,952 20 Lincoln, 1,321 69
Littleton, . 1,113 08 Natick, 3,907 62 North Reading, 3,233 46
Pepperell, . 749 22
Sherborn, . 1,000 00 Shirley, 4,430 27
Stoneham, . 5,000 00
Stow, . 2,142 10
Amounts carried forward, $48,262 56 $111,987 86 110 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance, etc. — Continned.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount.
Amounts brought jorward, S48,262 56
Sudbun^, 1,451 82 Tewksbury, 4,158 05
Townsend, . 2,943 27 Tyngsborough, 500 00 Waviand, 3,451 05
Westford, . 460 00 Wilmington, 2,998 81
Norfolk County. Bellingham, $204 80 Cohasset, 1,316 37 Franklin, 600 00 Medfield, 1,000 00 Medway, 1,838 42 Randolph, 31 00 Walpole, 4,237 51
Plymouth County. Bridgewater, $3,026 91 Carver, 1,305 02 Halifax, 523 20
Lakeville, . 774 00 Middleborough, 4,106 34 Norwell, 2,725 00
Pembroke, . 778 79
Rochester, . 1,339 67
Wareham, . 6,785 71
Worcester County. Ashburnham, $1,123 39
Athol, . 406 49 Bolton, 900 00
Dana, . 99 80 Dudley, 724 77 Harvard, 3,324 96 Hardwdck, 1,267 99 Holden, 105 98 Lancaster, 588 60 Leicester, 2,625 00 Lunenburg, 3,059 27 Mendon, 364 75 Northbridge, 424 07 Oxford, 2,125 97 Paxton, 800 91 Petersham, 1,668 10 Princeton, 3,766 14
Amounts carried forward, $23,376 19 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. Ill
Repair and Maintenance, etc. — Continued.
TOWN OR CITY. Amount. Totals.
Amounts brought forward, S23,376 19 $206,806 16
Southbridge, ...... Sterling, ...... i,zou UU Sturbridge, 2,633 26 Sutton, 8,795 80 Uxbridge, 15,512 00 Warren, 1,066 89 West Brookfield, 372 32 55,369 65
$262,175 81 112 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Repair and Maintenance, etc. — Concluded.
Repairs of State highways, . . . $1 473,087 43 Expenditures under chapter 525, Acts of 1910, 262,175 81 Cost of engineering, 120,244 52 Marking routes, ...... /oy 16 1 194. -Tlllcliy fclb Ui Ldl dllU. Ull, ..... vyfiiiceieu. LiieLKo, ...... 9Q la
A/Ti «5f*pl 1 fi n pr»n Q j.'XXDijc;ij.ciiic
IVr A PTTTXTTTRV ArTOTTVT
Kent, light, heat and luei, .... $1,148 81 Ct 1 • 111 fealaries and labor, 3,257 60 1,291 28 lools and apparatus, 7,984 54 Materials and repairs, Z,3dz 71 bupplies, parts and nttmgs, .... 1.990 94f\ A A i 1 i 1 Auto and motor cycle expense, 16,418 54 TV /T* n 'i Miscellaneous items, 258 03 26 automobiles, 8,921 20 4 steam rollers, 11,550 00 O A 14 heating kettles, 2,899 84
6 sand, stove and gravel heaters, . 8,475 00 3 cube mixers, 4,714A '71 A UUrvrv
1 sand heater and 1 mixer with engine, o,54z oU 2 bantam mixers on trucks, .... /UU UU 8,607 30 r n 1 Monarch distributor complete, . /59 DO 9 road machines, 11,d75CT K UU 1 air compressor and outnt, .... 1,745 UU 9 graders, 2,249 Ud 850 00 2 water carts, 300 00 1 3-inch wood steam drill complete, UU net 1 portable bunk house, 279 62
1 30 horse-power boiler complete, . 322 00 1 Atlantic gasoline pumping engine mounted on trucks, 66b 4 harrows, 129 00 112 50 98 40 42 00 100 00 234 00
Amounts carried forward, .... S93,651 38 $1,857,690 08 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 113
Amounts brought forward, . $93,651 38 $1,857,690 08
1 rivet forge, 21 00 1 Abrico road drag, .... 26 00 11 extinguishers, .... 120 02 1 15-ton style and jack with foot left, 27 00 1 blasting machine, ... 23 40 10 canal barrows, .... 27 83 5 stoves, 42 65 93,939 28
Automobile Department Expense.
Salaries of clerks and clerical assistants, . $75,761 41 Number plates, motor cycle seals and speed signs, 55,669 85 Printing, 13,889 12 Postage, 14,638 15
Typewriters purchased and rented, . . 1,045 13 Office supplies, 1,608 40 Cartage and storage, 2,826 42 Miscellaneou items, 969 40
Total, automobile department. 166,407 88
Examiner's Department Expense.
Salaries of inspectors and examiners, . „ . $28,879 72 Salaries of clerks and stenographers. 5,266 08 Mileage books, 2,610 00 Traveling expenses, 11,404 54 Printing, 891 75
Postage, including stamped envelopes, . 1,079 52 Office supplies, 425 61 Newspaper clippings, 110 00 Miscellaneous items, 1 00
Total, examiner's department. 50,668 22 Rebates of automobile fees, 21,162 00
Total, motor vehicle fees fund, $2,189,867 46
General Expenses, Dec. 1, 1915, to Nov. 30, 1916. Salaries of commissioners, $13,000 00 Travel of commissioners, 3,098 72 Salaries of clerical assistants and principal assistant engineers, 31,849 34
Amount carried forward, $47,948 06 114 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Amount brought forward, $47,948 06
Rent of offices, 172 80 Printing and binding annual report, 1,040 00 Printing, 3,186 60 Postage, 2,411 96 Office and t}T)e\\Titer supplies, 1,240 91 Telephone, including tolls, 236 71
^ Land takings, . . 126 27 Advertising, 60 73
TypeTVTiters (6), 447 72 Repairs to tj-pe-wTiters, 3 60 Repairs to road machinery, 19,999 75 Miscellaneous items, 464 61
$77,339 72
Brightman Street bridge at Fall River: — Pay rolls, $335 86 Salaries, 7,180 88 Electric service and lighting, 1,502 32 Telephone ser\dce, 35 30 Tools and supplies, 447 03
Crossing gates (4), 625 00
$10,126 39 — Merrimac River bridge at Newburyport : Pay rolls, $138 52 Salaries, 3,437 26 Electric service and lighting, 168 70 Telephone ser\dce, 37 65 Materials and repairs, 6,253 16 Paint and painting, 3,337 54 Engineering advice, 50 00
$13,422 83
Miscellaneous Expenditures.
[Under Chapter 214, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the constTuction and improvement of a highway in the towns of Ashburnham and Ashby, known as the Bridge Road, $4,590 28
(Under Chapter 242, Acts of 1915.]
Expenditures for the improvement of a highway in the towns of Mashpee and Barnstable, $4,526 11 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 115
[Under Chapter 206, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of a highway in the town of Pelham, $9,414 40
[Under Chapter 213, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and maintenance of a State highway in the town of Hingham, .... $31,998 58
[Under Chapter 210, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of a highway between Gardner and Rutland, .... $5,133 00
[Under Chapter 202, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of the highway called the River Road in the town of South- bridge, $9,678 15
[Under Chapter 659, Acts of 1914.] Salisbury Beach, $8,663 07
[Under Chapter 216, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of a highway between the Town Hall in the town of Sand- wich and the center of Mashpee village in the tow^n of Mashpee, $527 37
[Under Chapter 219, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of the highway between the existing State highway in the town of Milford, leading through Hopkinton, to the existing highway in the town of Southborough, .... $1,368 55
[Under Chapter 205, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of a highway between the town of Plymouth and Bournedale village in the town of Bourne, $6,830 78
[Under Chapter 203, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of the State highway known as the Black North Route, in the towns of Dracut and Methuen, $7,751 87
[Under Chapter 20i, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction of a highway from the town of Norton to the city of Taunton, .... $5,286 15 116 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
[Under Chapter 230, General Acts of 1916.)
Expenditures in purchasing or taking by right of eminent domain land for the purpose of laying out and con-
structing a highway in the city of Revere, . . . S127,006 05
[Under Chapter 212, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of the
highway from North Brookfield to Barre Plains, . . S9,677 65
[Under Chapter 217, General Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for the construction and improvement of a
highway in the towns of Phillipston and Templeton, . $5,096 51
[Under Chapter 112, Resolves of 1917.] Salem, $198 82
[Under Chapter 778, Acts of 1913.] Swampscott, $3,046 68
[Under Chapter 635, Acts of 1917.] Truro, $31 61
[Under Chapter 211, Acts of 1916.]
Expenditures for damages to property caused by the im- provement of the River Road from Southbridge to Webster through the town of Dudley, .... $795 00
[Under Chapter 266, Acts of 1917.] Damages, $1,166 62
[Under Chapter 229, General Acts of 1915.] Ashburnham, $144 17
Summary of Expenditures. For construction, $743,362 92 For construction under "small town" acts, .... 113,415 50 For western Massachusetts roadways under chapter 221, General Acts of 1915, 740,500 51
For road repair and maintenance, from revenue, . . . 414,544 27
For road construction under chapter 525, Acts of 1910, . 262,175 81 For road repair and maintenance (motor vehicle fees fund), 1,689,453 55 ^For expenditures connected with automobile registration, 166,407 88 For expense of examiners and investigators, .... 50,668 22
Amount carried far v:ard, $4,180,528 66 No. 54.] EXPENDITURES. 117
Amount brought forward, $4,180,528 66
For rebates of automobile fees under chapter 534, Acts of 1909, 21,162 00 For general office expense under chapter 63, Special Acts of 1917, 77,339 72 For expenditures under chapter 63, Special Acts of 1917 (bridges), 23,549 22 For expenditures under chapter 63, Special Acts of 1917 (Truro), 31 61 For expenditures under chapter 214, General Acts of 1916 4,590 28 For expenditures under chapter 242, General Acts of 1915 4,526 11 For expenditures under chapter 229, General Acts of 1915 144 17 For expenditures under chapter 206, General Acts of 1916 9,414 40 For expenditures under chapter 213, General Acts of 1916 31,998 58 For expenditures under chapter 210, General Acts of 1916 5,133 00 For expenditures under chapter 202, General Acts of 1916 9,678 15 For expenditures under chapter 659, General Acts of 1914 8,663 07 For expenditures under chapter 216, General Acts of 1916 527 37 For expenditures under chapter 219, General Acts of 1916 1,368 55 For expenditures under chapter 205, General Acts of 1916 6,830 78 For expenditures under chapter 203, General Acts of 1916 7,751 87 For expenditures under chapter 204, General Acts of 1916 5,286 15 For expenditures under chapter 230, General Acts of 1916 127,006 05 For expenditures under chapter 212, General Acts of 1916 9,677 65 For expenditures under chapter 217, General Acts of 1916 5,096 51 For expenditures under chapter 112, Resolves of 1917, 198 82 For expenditures under chapter 778, General Acts of 1913 3,046 68 For expenditures under chapter 211, General Acts of 1916 795 00 For expenditures under chapter 266, General Acts of 1917 1,166 62
,545,511 02
WM. D. SOHIER, F. D. KEMP, JAMES W. SYNAN, Massachusetts Highway Commission. 118 HIGmVAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Appendix A.
Relating to the Work of the Automobile Department.
Statement shouing the Xiirnher of Registration Certificates and Licenses to operate issued during the Fiscal Year 1917, also the Fees received
for the Same, together uith the Fees for Examinations, for Copies of Certificates of Registration and Licenses, etc., and Fines for Violation of the Automohile Law.
Certificates of registration: —
Automobiles, . 174,274 $1,543,272 00
Motor cycles, . 11,065 21,331 00 Manufacturers and— dealers, 2,379 72,225 50 Licenses to operate : Operators, 56,467 at $2 00 112,934 00 Chauffeurs, 13,020 at 2 00 26,040 00 Operators' renewals, .... 106,072 at 1 00 106,072 00 Chauffeurs' renewals, 38,670 at 1 00 38,670 00 Examinations, 17,336 at 2 00 34,672 00 Copies of certificates and licenses fur- nished, 7,649 at 50 3,824 50 Number plates, 3,248 60
Total, S1,962,2S9 60 Court fines received by the Treasurer and Receiver-General, 83,639 82
$2,045,929 42 Deduct rebates on registration fees. 21,343 00
$2,024,586 42 Miscellaneous receipts, including interest on deposits, 7,704 55
Total receipts for the year, $2,032,290 97 No. 54.] APPENDIX A. 119
Report of the Examining and Investigating Department.
F. I. BiELER, Secretary, Massachusetts Highway Commission.
Dear Sir: — I respectfully submit the following as the elev- enth annual report of the examining and investigati^ig depart- ment, for the fiscal year ending Nov. 30, 1917.
Examinations.
Examinations have been conducted daily in Boston, and either semi-weekly or once a week in Pittsfield, Springfield, Worcester, Fitchburg, Brockton, New Bedford, Fall River, Lowell, Salem and during the past five months every other week in Greenfield. A few examinations were conducted in other cities, these special examinations being given in most cases to members of the fire and police departments, or other municipal employees.
The following table is a comparison of the examinations con- ducted during the fiscal years 1916 and 1917: —
1916. 1917.
Total number of examinations (chauffeurs), . . . . 12,386 17,224
Total number of examinations (operators), 123 134
Total number of examinations (chauffeurs reported unfit), 3,823 4,328
Total number of examinations (operators reported unfit), . 58 46
The above figures show an increase of 4,849 in the number of examinations conducted, while the increase in failures was only 493. This shows .that applicants for licenses are apparently appearing for examination better prepared. Of the total num- ber of examinations, 134 were given to applicants for operators' licenses. Forty-six of these operators' examinations were fail- ures. Examinations conducted in Boston totaled 6,960; other cities, 10,398. Owing to the large increase in the number of examinations, it was found necessary to use daily, during the summer months, an average of five or six men in the work of examining. Over half of the examinations, or 11,745, were con- ducted by four examiners; the balance, 5,613, by the inspectors. 120 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Investigations and Prosecutions.
The following table is a comparison of the cases investigated and reported on during the fiscal years 1916 and 1917: —
1916. 1917.
Total number of reports received from investigators, 1,470 1,548
Itemized as follows: —
Accidents (nonfatal), 301 313
Accidents (fatal), 325 433
Accidents (brief reports), 579 490
General reputation, ...... 66 98
183 looICS
Garages, dealers 16 29
Totals 1,470 1,548
Dazzling lights (reports filed), 905
423 132
78 118
232
Fines received (miscellaneous prosecutions), $2,283 $2,140
1,857
Total amount of fines, $2,283 $3,997
4 8
During the year there were 429 fatal accidents, resulting in 462 deaths. Four hundred and eleven of these accidents oc- curred in Massachusetts and resulted in 438 deaths. Seven deaths occurred in New Hampshire, 7 in Rhode Island, 5 in New York, 2 in Connecticut, 1 in Vermont and 1 in Maine. The fatal accidents which occurred in these States were in- vestigated for the reason that the operators were residents of Massachusetts. Of the 433 reports submitted by the inspectors concerning fatal accidents, 10 occurred during the fiscal year 1916. Brief reports have been filed concerning 490 accidents that were not considered serious enough to call to the attention of the Board. In addition, many accidents were investigated on which no report was submitted. No. 54.] APPENDIX A. 121
^Yith the view of preventing the use of dazzling headlights, the investigators on many occasions and in various cities and towns throughout the State inspected approximately 1,800 auto- mobile headlights which, in their opinion, were in violation of the dazzling light regulation. In a number of cases where the lights on the first test appeared to be unsatisfactory, the oper- ator was required to appear with the motor vehicle a second, or even a third time for further inspection. On 905 of these inspections reports were submitted. Two hundred and thirty- two operators were prosecuted before the courts for having made no attempt to comply with the regulation. Fines amount- ing to SI, 857 were imposed. During the year we inspected the record book and number plates of 132 garages and dealers, and found that the majority of them were complying with the law. We were not able to devote as much time to this work as in former years. Twenty- nine reports were submitted to the Board concerning dealers who the inspectors believed were not entitled to dealer's regis- tration. If we found that a garage was not keeping a proper record of the motor vehicles entering and leaving their place of business, the department sent a cautionary letter calling their attention to the matter. The investigators have devoted a large amount of time to work of a more or less miscellaneous nature, of which no record could be kept, such as serving of suspension and revocation notices; securing of licenses that were suspended or revoked; investigating complaints made to the Commission; and collect- ing money on bad checks presented in payment for license or registration fees. During the year the State has been divided into 15 districts, an inspector being assigned to each section to investigate and report on accidents that appeared to warrant investigation. The assigning of an inspector to a certain territory resulted in the investigation of many accidents that otherwise might not have been brought to our attention. The changes in the department during the year have been as follows: On March 25, 1917, Alfred F. Foote was called to the colors as major of the Third Battalion, Second Massachusetts Infantry. On July 26, 1917, William A. Dolan, Jr., enlisted in the Signal Corps, afterwards being transferred to the Aviation Division. On Nov. 12, 1917, Henry J. Polak enlisted as second- class yeoman. United States Naval Reserves. 122 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Since May, 1917, the department has been increased by the appointment of 11 investigators and examiners, 1 clerk and 2 stenographers, the department now consisting of 1 chief investi- gator and examiner, 22 investigators, 3 examiners, 6 stenog- raphers and 1 clerk, — a total of 33. We received approximately 15,689 newspaper clippings re- ferring to accidents in which motor vehicles were involved; many, also, concerning court prosecutions. In compliance with chapter 530 of the Acts of 1913, as amended by General Acts of 1917, approximately 18,000 letters were received. Many letters are duplicate reports of the same accident, as in cases where two or more motor vehicles were involved letters were received from each operator. The major- ity of letters refer to accidents of a trivial nature. They are filed under the name of the operator, with a cross-reference card showing the location of the accident. From the above-mentioned newspaper clippings and letters accidents in which motor vehicles were involved have been tabulated under headings as shown by the following tables: —
Deaths, Injuries, Accidents.
A comparison of the statistics for the years 1916 and 1917 is given below: —
Total ymnher Killed and Injured.
Killed. iNJrRED.
1916. 1917. 1916. 1917.
Pedestrians, 219 260 4,710 4,001
Occupants of automobiles, 68 128 2,363 1,831
Motor cycle riders, 15 33 895 682
Bicycle riders, 7 11 613 524
Occupants of carriages 5 5 521 223
Street car passengers 1 1 29 21
Totals, 315 438 9,131 7,282
V No. 54.] APPENDIX A. - 123
Total Number of Accidents.
1916. 1917.
Motor vehicles v. pedestrians, 4,815 4,320
Motor vehicles v. motor vehicles, ...... 8,315 8,274
Motor vehicles v. carriages, etc., 1,684 1,026
Motor vehicles v. bicycles, 697 597
Motor vehicles v. trolley cars, 996 683
Motor vehicles t;. pole, curb, etc., 1,431 965
Motor vehicles v. trains, 34 36
AG'} Motor vehicles c. horse, dog, etc., 426
Motor vehicles ti. miscellaneous, 4
Totals 18,469 16,327
Accidents in daytime, . 14,098 12,481
Accidents after dark, ...... 4,371 3,846
Accidents on country roads, 1,528 1,777
Accidents on city or town streets, 16,941 14,550
The above statistics are a summary of the deaths, injuries and accidents in which all types of motor vehicles were involved. On a basis of percentage there was an increase of approximately 39 per cent, in the number of persons killed, a decrease of approximately 20 per cent, in the number injured, and 12 per cent, in the number of accidents. About three-quarters, or 76 per cent., of these accidents occurred in the daytime, and one- quarter after dark. The following statistics show the number of deaths, injuries and accidents during the years 1916 and 1917.
Automobile and Truck Accidents.
Killed and Injured.
Killed. Injured.
1916. 1917. 1916. 1917.
Pedestrians, ...... 213 255 4,556 3,915
Occupants of automobiles. 68 128 2,355 1,828
Occupants of carriages, .... 5 4 519 223
Bicycle riders, . . . 7 11 598 521
Street car passengers, .... 1 1 29 21
Totals, 294 399 8,057 6,508 124 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Automobile and Truck Accideiits — Concluded.
Accidents.
1916. 1917.
Automobiles v. pedestrians, 4,659 4,248
Automobiles v. automobiles, ...... 7,549 7,633
1,637 1,013
Automobiles v. bicycles, 680 593
Automobiles v. trolley cars, 981 680
Automobiles v. pole, curb, etc., 1,364 935
Automobiles v. trains, 30 35
488 424
Automobiles v. miscellaneous, - . 4
Totals 17,392 15,561
Accidents in daytime 13,241 11,880
Accidents after dark, 4,151 3,681
Accidents on country roads, 1,438 1,716
Accidents on city or town streets, 15,954 13,845
Motor Cycle Accidents.
Killed and Injured.
Killed. Injured.
1916. 1917. 1916. 1917.
6 5 154 86
15 33 895 682
Occupants of automobiles, 8 3
Occupants of carriages, .... 1 2
15 3
Totals, 21 39 1,074 774 No. 54.] APPENDIX A. 125
Motor Cycle Accidents — Concluded.
Accidents.
1916. 1917.
156 72
16 1
750 640
47 13
17 4
15 3
Motor cycles r. pole, curb, etc., 67 30
4 1
Motor cycles c. horse, dog, etc., 5 2
Totals, 1,077 766
857 601
220 165
90 61
Accidents on city or town streets, 987 705
Probation.
During the fiscal year 8 chauffeurs or operators were required to report at stated times to a representative of the Commission.
Five fully complied with their terms of probation, while 3, after failing to keep such terms, had their licenses either suspended or revoked.
Comparison of Analysis of Abstracts of Court Records for the Fiscal Years 1916 and 1917.
1916. 1917.
Number of courts that have forwarded abstracts, 86 89
Total number of abstracts received, 9,279 13,048
Persons guilty of operating unlawfully, 8,298 12,199
Persons not guilty of operating unlawfully, .... 349 425
Cases appealed to a higher court, 625 785
2,558 3,553
Complaints nol-prossed, 280 269
148 148
Persons committed to imprisonment, 81 305 126 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Comparison of Analysis of Abstracts of Court Records for the Fiscal Years 1916 and 7Pi 7 — Concluded.
1916. 1917.
Complaints brought: —
For overspeeding, 2,948 3,803
For reckless operating, 197 270
For operating while intoxicated, 435 703
For using automobile without authority, .... 151 221
For endangering lives and safety of the public. 177 264
For failing to stop after causing injury, 135 116
For improper display or no register number, .... 155 253
For operating without a licen.se 883 1,450
For operating without carrying registration certificate, . 320 544
For operating an unregistered motor vehicle 157 236
For refusing to stop when signaled by officer, . 229 367
For operating with unlighted lamps, 488 805
For operating with dazzling lights, 85 248
245 187
For failing to give signal when approaching intersecting way. 1,979 2,246
For miscellaneous offences, 1,017 1,625
Fines, etc., as shown by Court Abstracts.
1916. 1917.
For violating State statutes, 856,195 00 $105,031 22
For violating metropolitan park rules, 806 00 431 00
For cost of court, 3,851 00 5,062 05
Totals, 160,852 00 §110,524 27
Respectfully submitted,
F. L. AUSTIN,
Chief Examiner and Inspector. Dec. 20, 1917. s
No. 54.] APPENDIX B. . 127
Appendix B .
Relating to the Care of Shade Trees on State Highways.
List of Towns and Cities on which Work has been done by the State Forester^ Department in cleaning and spraying Trees on State Highways for suppressing Gypsy and Brown-tail Moths and Elm Leaf Beetles, and the Amount expended in Each Municipality.
Acton, . . . . $133 72 Foxborough, $3 51
Amesbury, 10 20 Framingham, . 95 70 Andover, .... 35 63 Franklin, .... 36 00
Ashburnham, . 87 75 Gloucester, 69 51 Ashby, .... 27 00 Grafton, .... 25 50 Ashland, .... 68 00 Groton, .... 25 61 Ayer, .... 78 00 Groveland, 24 45 Barnstable, 83 00 Hamilton, 43 13 Bedford, .... 31 00 Hanover, .... 30 82 Beverly (and North Harvard, .... 102 67 Shore), .... 562 19 Harvard and Box-
Billerica, . 26 25 borough, 64 40 Bourne, .... 99 18 Harwich, .... 30 00 Boxborough, 26 25 Haverhill, 72 00 Braintree, 100 50 Hingham, .... 32 00 Brewster, .... 24 00 Holliston, .... 68 83
Bridgewater, . 7 62 Hudson, .... 28 93 Burlington, 87 21 Ipswich, .... 19 20
Canton, .... 68 19 Kingston, . . . 21 60 Chelmsford, 63 92 Lancaster, 15 66 Cohasset, .... 120 46 Leominster, 46 35 Concord, .... 131 60 Lexington, 53 25 Danvers, .... 5 50 Lincoln, .... 89 35 Dedham, .... 48 00 Littleton, .... 92 80 Dennis, .... 66 10 Lowell, .... 13 30 Dover, .... 38 25 Lunenburg, 85 50
Dracut, .... 33 00 Marlborough, . 64 00 Duxbury, .... 165 75 Marshfield, 17 75 East Bridgewater, . 32 62 Mashpee, .... 27 25 Essex, .... 11 00 Melrose, .... 14 40 Falmouth, 64 00 Merrimac, 14 50 Fitchburg, 129 12 Methuen, .... 72 08 R
128 HIGHWAY COM]MISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Middleton, 4 ^4 kJUuLUil, . • 4 ^0
4.1 9f^ ^TUTQ n coo 14 Millbury, . owaiioed..
T^cmTrf rtn Ifi Natick, 7^1 o no iclLlllLUll, ±U 70i XJ 14 Needham, ov on lenipiGiou, 14: 7^< O
fil Newbury, . 0^ X c ivt5 U Ul Ui Ul01 uo W J , 7 Newburyport, . 00 ± uwiibeiiu.. ioO ^O fi7 c^O North Andover, OU J. yiigbuuiou^ii, Di OU
North Attleborough, J.V/0 DO TTY rkTi ri (TP OC/ J.U
vl p n rl North Reading, ou no Wq>T dj'lCliiLl, . 22 OU^0 Northborough, 44 44
Norton, . . . 47 uuOfi TV ClXildlli., • • • O^.54 22
t^fi fiO Norwood, . oo VVcoL X>Uyik3LUil, OU OU c 40 "^4 Orleans, . o o-± Q5yo Pembroke, Ol 9r^ \\fvvcbupcf "^TpTirVvniNcvvuiiiy,T^Tf 47 9^; 7Q V V pcf ^TM*Tn rrfiplH ^5 00 Pepperell, . 74 VVcfcl Opi lil^llclU, oo uu 9ft fiO 14 Ofi Plainville, DU vv ebLuoiougii, . It: Uu A RO Wpc+fiplrl 55 00 Princeton, 'i oU vv ebLiieiu, . OO UU
Wp
40 00 \\/ pcf r^T^ 100 Q5 Reading, . uu vvebiun. J.UU JO
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Rockland, 47 R^ VV tjyillOuLll, XUOIfiR U^i02 94 fiO Rowley, . rto / 0 >V llllllllglOU, ^rt UU J.7 so 90 5R Salisbury, . oU VV inciieiiu.ou. ^U Oo
Sandwich, 97 yu00 vv iiiLiiebier, 94 uufiO
Scituate, . 22 .^0 TT ^JL/UliX, • • • 135 57 Shirley, 7*^ QOyu vvorceoLei, 2^ 10lU
Shrewsbury, rtU40 WrPTifTT iCiitlldiH,Vifirn 24 80 Southborough, 24 75 Yarmouth, 42 77
Sterling, . 330 08 Spraying, . . 2,722 18 Stoneham, 28 70 Stoughton, 84 58 $9,996 45 No. 54.] APPENDIX C. 129
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No. 54/ APPENDIX D.
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1917.
Ending, Date ti c. > e > « 6 "cl-J > > bi § > c +s' « ''^ ^- « tit' « ^
of r-^ __CvlC
1917.
Beginning, Date ^ >> u >>^ ^"q.^" b ^' ^- ^ ^' ^- c b "^ >. ti ti) g < S O S 1^ O < X C S < O S < < <5 < < < S S < X S < <
cc ;0 t-- 'C CO ^ — t~- —
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Contract. 1-1 (M ^ IM ^ »-< 1-1 (M ^ ^ ^ ^ T-i ^ ^ ^ (M IM —< »^ .— (M Concluded. Date
^;^?S
—
ETC.
......
...
Engineer.
DONE,
Coffin,
Barker, Resident Murphy, BEEN Hobbs, Dean, Sterl Houston Delehanty Parker Parker Carsley Harron, Knight Chase Vesper Welton, Addis, Dalton .lewell Lingley, Lingley Loring, Stanton, Laffey T-affey, Brown Bye Ladd, C. Stone, Scllew I. E. W. Bailey, HAS 0. Crover Reuben G. Samuel J. O. L. C. N. A. L. B. H. O. I. A. T. S. T. B. H. S. C. F. R. R. Allan Carl .Tohn K M. H. E. C. A. H. R. R. W. R. H. C. E. C. .T. W. H. W. H. P. H. W. A. T. L.
Wor
......
.
whk^h
Year.
. 221, 221, 221, 221, 221. 221, 221, in
.
('hapter
Chapter Surfacing Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Surfacing Surfacing, Chapter Surfacing, Special Special. Special, Surfacing Surfacing Surfacing Surfacing, Surfacing Surfacing Surfacing Surfacing 1917, Cities Bridge 1917, 1917, 1917, 1917 1916 1916 1917
.
and
.
......
Towns '.
County. '.
Hampshire, Hampshire, Hampshire,
Plymouth, Worcester, Worcester, Worcester Plymouth, Worcester Worcester, Worcester, Worcester Worcester, Worcester Middlesex Worcester, Worcester, Worcester, Hampden, Berkshire, Berkshire, Berkshire, Berkshire, Hampden, Berkshire, Norfolk,
Suffolk Bristol, Bristol, Bristol,Bristol! showing
Table
l-Duxbury, .
rrington, City.
ner,
. ob Ba Card
......
Town
Boylston,
Seituate-Marshfielc Hadley,
. . . bridge, bridge,
Sh(>fHeld-Great Westminster-
Wasliington, Washington, Washingion, Southbridge, Templeton, Stockbridge, Southwick, Tewksbury, Somerset, Uxbridge, Webster, Spencer, Spencer, Swansea,Taunton, Taunton, Uxbridge, Walpole, Wareham, Revere, Upton. Soutli Wales, Soulh South Ware, Ware, West No. 54.] APPENDIX D.
r-< C
«• c u t: >> >v « ij' ih'
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CCS c c c is is is . o o o t^252»-c!ccc«- - C ' aiii|i|||:§ | = = = .S-o 3 o 3 § 150 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Appendix E
Showing Contract Prices on
Excavation. Bituminous Surfacing. ('
Yard). Yard). Yard). Cement Yard). Yard).
(Square MasoAry (Gallon). TOWN OR CITY. Contractor. (Cubic (Cubic (Cubic (Square
(Gallon).
Crete Yard). Portland Asphalt Asphalt Borrow Earth Ledge Tar Tar
- L. C. Fay & Co., $1 35 $1 35 $4 00 - - - SO 15 - Acushnet and Fair- Middlesex Construc- 1 27 1 15 4 00 S12 00 - - - haven. tion Company. 11 75 215 00 35 90 - - A,n(iovGr and. Nortti Alco Contracting Com- 1 25 11 25 - - - 16^
- - - Asllby • David H. Damon 1 10 1 15 3 50 56 00 f03i 91 25 18 00 - - - Athol B. E. Savage, 90 11 50 $0 08 J - -
/T IrLlCUV/lU, 11 \Jl til Lane Construction Cor- 1 50 1 25 610 A f f IpHnrmicrn Jinn poration. TV rcnthani.
Barnstable, . 1 00 90 206 ijariistaUlc, William A. Jones 1 00 90 606
JJCl/l^Cti ... Cordner & Montague, 1 25 U 50 4 00 30 00
Town 1 00 1 10 2 50 17 00 "1 10 Billerica, Rowe Construction 1 10 1 50 4 00 16 00 Company. 11 75
Braintree and Wm. F. Loud & Sons, . 1 30 1 25 605 § Quincy.
Braintree, E. C. Sargent, . 1 10 1 12 3 00 19 00 606 i
Buckland, Lane Construction Cor- 90 1 00 607 poration. is$0 Charlemont, . Town, 60 70 2 50 15 00 42 U 00 1842 Charlemont, . Town, 60 80 2 50 15 OC 191 25 11 10 201 20 1922 00 Cohasset, Marshfield Marshfield Construc- 80 90 18141 and Scituate. tion Company. Conway and Deer- Lane Construction Cor- 1 15 85 4 00 25 00 2105 field. poration. 192 00 12 00 520 00 92 00 230 00 Daltonand Windsor, M. L. Camarco, 05 05 10 60 23- 2S_ 23- 23- 2^3 00 260 Dartmouth and Jos. McCormick, 80 90 35 40 Westport.
Dighton and Somer- E. C. Sargent. . 90 1 10 606 set. Duxbury, Marshfield Construc- 80 90 141 tion Company.
1 Gravel. ' Gravel for surfacing. 2 Portland cement concrete 1-2-4. 8 Sixteen-inch.
3 Portland cement concrete surfacing. 9 Rock embankment.
* Sand filling. 1° Fourteen-inch. 5 Dry rubble cement masonry. 11 Loosening, scarifying and reshaping macadam. 6 Applying bituminous materials. 12 Sand or gravel. No. 54.] APPENDIX E. 151
Appendix E.
State Highways during 1917.
Broken (Cubic Pipe Culverts (Lineal Foot). Stone. Under-
Foot). Yard).
CLAY. CORRUGATED IRON. (Each). for
Surfacing (Lineal (Cubic
(Each).
Basins Filling (Ton). (Ton).
Eighteen-inch. Eighteen-inch. Twenty-four- Twenty-four- Twelve-inch. Twelve-inch. drains Yard). Concrete inch. inch. Bounds Fencing Local Stone Catch Trap
$0 oU - $5 90 - - $1 25 - - $2 00 $3 00 $0 60 1 50 $2 00 $45 00
- $1 95 ------
n 35 ~ 1 70 82 10 40 1 35 3 5C 101 90 2 30 3 60 41 Kf\
- "3 55 ------42 00 - -
"2 75 2 50 n 50 "2 75 n 25
2 00 3 00 2 00 122 00 n 50 1 35 81 65 $1 90 1320 1 35 2 50 151 45 »6 75 3 00 3 00 163 00 50 3 00 50 00
"2 45 n 50
2 58 «2 00 82 50 50 3 00 50 00
1^3 15 40 1 50 n 50 "2 25 1 50 81 70 35 2 25 161 30 161 47 101 83 81 97 35 2 25 1 68 2 21 "2 85 490
1 85 1 75 2 50 222 75 35 2 50 102 00
914 02 02 02 07 10 2505 2505 1302
"2 69 n 35
"2 85 490
1
13 Rustic. 19 Bridge. 14 Gravel foundation. 20 Rock for slopes.
15 Stone filling for shoulders. 21 Road oil. 16 Ten-inch. 22 Twenty-inch. 17 Unit prices for labor, concrete, to furnish tools and 23 Unit prices for labor, teams and apparatus. apparatus. 24 Per acre. 18 Mixed. 25 Iron water pipe. ,
152 HIGH\YAY COMMISSION [Pub. Doc.
Showing Contract Prices on
E.XCAVATION. Con- Cubic BiTtJMiNotjs Surfacing.
'a CS Ya Ya Cenr (Squat TOWN OR CITY. Contractor. (Cubic Mason (Gallo: (Cubic^ (Cubic 1 (Gallon).
Crete Yard). Portland Asphalt Asphalt Borrow Earth Ledge Tar
i$5 - - Easton, . Powers Brothers, U 00 $1 25 90
Egremont and Shef- L. C. Fay & Co., 1 00 1 25 $3 00 18 00 $0 14J field. 22 50 n 85 *25 00 55 00 3 - - Erving, . Daniel O'Connell, 1 10 1 25 5 00 20 00 $0 14^
Fitchburg, Ralph E.BuU, . 1 00 »1 45 72 25 ^6 - Freetown, Edward J. Rourke, . 1 25 1 25 8071
Grafton, R. H. Newell Co., . 85 1 50 3 00 22 00 815 i 807 n 50
Great Harrington, . Lane Construction Cor- 90 1 50 808 poration. Hanover, Edward J. Rourke, 70 80 2 00 15 00 - 8121 -
Holbrook, Town, 125 1 50 3 00 18 00 806
Hingham, Wm. F. Loud & Sons, . 1 15 1 15 3 00 17 00 806§ 157 00 SI 50 161 95
Hinsdale, Wm. R.Pratt, .
Hinsdale and Wash- L. Suzio Construction 78 93 2 20 16 00 - - 805 ington. Company. 19225 CO n 10 n 50 Kingston, Marshfield Construc- 1 30 n 20 5 00 15 00 807 tion Company.
Lee, Michael L. Camarco, . 1 70 1 45 18 50
Leicester, Timothy A. Moynihan, 1 20 1 20 _ 807 72 00 Lincoln, Richmond F. Hudson, 1 50 n 50 808
Lvnn James H. Fannon, 1 15 1 35 3 00 »i 75 - Mattapoisett, A. Williams & Co., . 1 10 1 50 1700 n 50 Methuen, Rendle-Stoddard Com- 53 00 4 00 25 00 pany. *30 00
Methuen, James H. Ferguson, . 100 n 30 5 00 10 00 16 12 MillDury Luchini, Manzani 90 »1 25 6 00 Company.
Milton, . E.C.Sargent, . 1 10 1 45 12 00 806
Natick, . Perini & Lordi, . 1 20 31 30 805
North Adams and Davis & Brock, . 100 »1 40 16 80 Williamstown. Northampton, Cordner & Montague, 08 09 18 1 72 801 28- 28- 518 313 n 92 Norton, Town, 70 8C 2 00 15 50 9 00|
1
1 Portland cement concrete surfacing. 8 Applying bituminous materials.
2 Rock embankment. » Fifteen-inch. 3 Gravel. 10 Sand and tar grout.
* Portland cement concrete 1-2-4. 11 Ten-inch.
5 Bridge. *2 Eight-inch.
6 Sand filling. 13 Fourteen-inch. Broken stone excavated, screened and replaced. " Sixty-inch water pipe. No. 54.] APPENDIX E. 153
State Highways during 1917 — Continued.
Broken (Cubic Pipe Cul\t:rts (Lineal Foot). Stone. Under-
Yard). Foot). CLAY. CORRUGATED iron. (Each). for
Surfacing (Cubic (Lineal (Each).
Basins Filling (Ton). (Ton).
Eighteen-inch. Eighteen-inch.
Twenty-four- Twenty-four- Twelve-inch. Twelve-inch. drains Yard). Concrete inch. inch. Bounds Fencing Local Stone Catch Trap
$4 10 $2 00 $3 00 $4 00 $0 40 $1 85 $3 00
- '2 20 $3 15 $1 75 $2 50 ~ ~ 50 1 50 - - H 85 3 05 1 30 670 2 40
1 95 3 05 1 50 2 70 9$2 00 102 00 45 1 50 $35 00 "1 25 3 50 1 75 2 50 3 25 45 1 60 3 00
- 1 60 - "75 - - "1 25 ~ - 45 1 25 2 00 40 00
2 50 "1 00 50 1 50 50 40 00
2 95 121 50 "2 25 1*50 00 45 1 95 3 25 50 00 "1 15 "2 50 3 50 2 00 - 3 00 ------
- - 1 85 - - - 62 00 2 50 - 1827 1 35 - - 1 70 3 30 2 00 202 50 60 2 50 55 00
------
3 50 2 00 62 50 212 55 "100 224 00 50 00
"1 50 "5 00 45 234 00 3 00 50 00 226 00 161 50
2*1 00
2580 "90 50 2648 00 40 00 2^ 10 "100 50 00
2 84 i'2 25 50 61 50 7 00
212 35 "90 40 00
17
s$0 18 2822 28- »17 03 215 15 11 "50 40 2 00 30 00
15 Dry rubber cement masonry. 22 Iron water pipe. 16 Rip-rap. 23 Granite block paving with concrete foundation. 1^ Sixteen-inch. 24 Except mixing. 18 Rustic. 25 Side drains (5-inch). 19 Per acre. 26 Manholes (brick). 20 Twenty-inch. 2- Side drains (16-inch). 21 Loosening, scarifying and reshaping macadam. ^8 Unit prices for labor, teams and apparatus. 154 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
Showing Contract Prices on
M <^ ^ Con- (Cubic BlTtTMINOUS SUHPACING.
Yard). Yard). Yard). Cement
Masonry lUVViN UlV I . Contractor. (Cubic (Cubic (Cubic
crete Yard). Portland Borrow Earth Ledge
_ i$0 Norwood and Wal- E. C. Sargent, . $0 90 SI 20 07 pole. Orange, Lane Construction Cor- 1 25 100 110 poration. Pittsfield, Lane Construction Cor- 1 00 ~ 107 poration. ^2 00 Sandwich, Central Construction 1 00 1 00 $8 00 $13 00 6$0 50 Company.
Saugus, . Rowe Contracting 1 25 1 50 4 50 20 00 1121 Company. South Hadley Cordner & Montague, 2 00 ~ ~ 36 00 (Bridge). Spencer, Timothy A. Moynihan, 52 00 <1 95 1206 18 00 'SO 04 1 00
Stockbridge, . Lane Construction Cor- 90 1 30 3 50 18 00 -08 poration. n 30 31 50 Swansea, Jos. McCormick, 75 85 - 13
Swansea, Jos. McCormick, 1 10 1 20 ~ 15 00 '13
Taunton, Jos. McCormick, 1 40 1 60 4 00 136 75 16 00
Templeton, Lane Construction Cor- 1 00 - 52 00 - poration. Tewksbury, Richmond F. Hudson, 1 25 *1 25 108
Tyngsborough, Harvey W. Tarbell, .
Ware, . Columbus Construction 100 100 3 00 20 00 Company. 182 00 "2 00 M23 00 al- "Wareham « Frank C. Taylor, 1 50 13 75 18 00 Wpbstpr Timothy Toomey, 90 90 so 04 06
2250 21- Western Counties, . Michael Seretto, 06 06 14 1002 2412 408 50 2520 Westminster and Richmond F. Hudson, 1 00 1 25 15 Gardner. Westport, Town, 90 1 50
Williamstown, Perini & Bianchi, 1 10 1 50 3 00 20 00 *2 00 "2 50 192 50 2025 00 20 00
Woburn, M. L. Pollatto, . 1 25 1 15 4 50 25 00 118 n 15 Worcester and West R. H. Newell Com- 1 05 1 20 il5§ Boylston. pany.
1 Applying bituminous materials. 8 Failings for subgrade.
- Loosening, scarifying and reshaping macadam. 9 Fifteen-inch.
3 Sand filling. 1" Iron water pipe.
4 Gravel. 11 Curb inlets.
5 Broken stone excavated, screened and replaced. 12 Loosening, scarifying and reshaping macadam 6 Mixed. (square yard). ^ Ten-inch. 13 Portland cement concrete surfacing. No. 54.] APPENDIX E. 155
State Highways during 1917 — Concluded. 1 Broken (Cubic Pipe Culverts (Lineal Foot). Stone. Under-
Yard). Foot).
CLAY. CORRUGATED [RON. (Each). for
Surfacing (Cubic (Lineal
(Each).
Basins Filling (Ton). (Ton).
Eighteen-inch. Eighteen-inch.
Twenty-four- Twent.v-four- Twelve-inch. Twelve-inch. drains Yard). Concrete inch. inch. Bounds Fencing Local Stone Catch Trap
2$3 45 3S1 50
23 50 2 00 31 50 - - - ~ - *1 - - . 2 80 10
"84 00 $0 43 n 25 $60 00
81 60 7$1 25 9$1 50 7,103 50 50 1 25 S3 00 50 00 2 25 1 35 2 25 i«4 50 1150 00
3 00 ------1 50 - -
- 3 20 - - - - 2 00 S3 00 ii$15 00 45 2 90 3 00 -
- 22 65 ------31 20 - - -
3 10 1 75 1 65 31 25 1*1 50 92 50 45 3 25 55 00 2 00 2 75 io,"3 50 23 50 _ _ _ _ 1 50
2 55
15072
2 00 2 50 1 50 161 80 "1 65 35 1 35 2 00 S12 00
2 00 1 25
12 $0 10 025 04 10025 1004 04 2301 08 02 03 015
1 85 3 5P 1 35
2 75
2 90 2 00 3 00 50 1 60 3 50
2 30 50 3 00
1 95
14 Eight-inch. 21 Unit prices for labor, concrete, to furnish tools and 15 Widening and resurfacing highways. apparatus. 16 Per acre. 22 Stone masonry for abutmsnts. 1' Foujteen-inch. 23 Rustic. 18 Rock embankment. 24 West excavation. 19 Bridge. 25 Dry rubble cement masonry. 20 Portland cement concrete 1-2-4. 156 HIGHWAY C0:MMISSI0N. [Pub. Doc.
Appendix F.
Statement of Claims against the Commission.
[As required by section 5, chapter 18 of the Revised Laws.]
Name. Residence. Nature of Claii
Beman, Richard D., Becket, . Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State highway in Becket. Beyer, Evelyn, Leicester, Damages due to construction of State highwav in Leicester. Beyer, Joseph, Leicester, Damages due to construction of State highway in Leicester. Boudreau, Wm., Wilmington Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State highway in Wilmington. Bray, Lizzie A., Gloucester, Damages due to construction of State highway in Gloucester.
Clifford, John A., . Salisbury, Damages due to construction of State highway in Salisbury.
Coleman, John H., . Gloucester, Damages due to construction of State highway in Gloucester. Curran, Bridget V., Ad- Holyoke, Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- ministratrix for John curred on State highway in Holyoke.
Damon, W. Allan, . Rockland, Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State highway in Rockland.
Flagg, Lucretia T., . Northampton, Damages due to construction of State highway in Northampton.
FoUansbee, Daniel, . Salisbury, Damages due to construction of State highway in Salisbury. Friedberg, Esther B., Revere, Damages due to construction of State highway in Revere. Garr, Craig, Northbridge, Damages due to construction of State highway in Northbridge.
Haskell, Edith L., . Gloucester, . Damages due to construction of State highway in Gloucester.
Ireson, Jennie E., . Wrentham, . Damages due to construction of State highway in Wrentham. of Jacques, Rose, . Grafton, Damages due to construction State highway in Grafton.
. of Jordan, S. Annie, . Wrentham, Damages due to construction State highway in Wrentham. Kneisel, Joseph, Dedham, Damages due to construction of State highway in Dedham.
Knight, Jennie B., . Shrewsbury, . Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State highway in Shrewsbury.
Lynch, Jennie M., . Wareham, Damages due to construction of State highway in Wareham. State McGee, John P., . Marlborough, Damages due to construction of highway in Marlborough. McGillicuddy, Dr. Rich- Montague, Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- ard A. curred on State highway in Greenfield. Moran, James, West Boylston, Damages due to construction of State highway > in West Boylston. Moran, Mary E., West Boylston, Damages due to construction of State highway in West Boylston. Morrissey, Julia, Deerfield, Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State hio'^iway in Sunderland. Morrissey, Wm. H., Deerfield, Damage due to accident alleged to have oc- curred on State highway in Sunderland. tState Nason, Arthur L., . Salisbury, Dama?"s due to construction of highway in Salisbury. alleged to have oc- Parker, Frank C, . Becket, . Damage due to accident curred on State highway in Becket. ,
No. 54.] APPENDIX F. 157
Statement of Claims against the Commission — Concluded.
Name. Residence. Nature of Claim.
.
Proctor, Geo. W., . LjiouCGSier, in Gloucester. Xci3. 3i., vJ HJ tildes uci Damages due to construction of State highway i roctor, ,
111 vji iv^ticcottri . i; Vi Q i-lf on Damages due to construction of State highway in Oharlton. Roberts Wm. H. Gloucester Damages due to construction of State highway in Gloucester. Salisbury Beach Associates Salisbury, Damages due to construction of State highway in Salisbury.
Snow, Frank E., Wrentham, . Damages due to construction of State highway in Wrentham. Taft, Kate P., Northampton, Damages due to construction of State highway in Northampton. Wade, Julia A., Lee, Damages due to construction of State highway in Lee.
White, Emma A., . Gloucester, . Damages due to construction of State highway in Gloucester.
York, Addie A., . Wrentham, . Damages due to construction of State highway in Wrentham.
Young, Emma M., . Wellfleet, Damages due to construction of State highway in Wellfleet. ' '
HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc
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e5
s No. 54.] APPENDIX G.
BiiiliisiPiiMilliiiiiiliiiipiP
BiiiiS^iiSiiilligiiiiiiSMiiPiHjS^
^!illsiPiriiiiiilii|il§§iP
'iiigsapaiiBiiiiiijiisMiissai*
"iiislsSiiiisiliiSi3s3s5isgi5siiiKiisii»
liiiiiiiiliiii HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
and 1 be
assessed on Towns.
to Cities J
Hi ii
per
Year.
Mile
Cost per - s -" ,
Total. 2
1
Motor Vohicles Fees From Fund. fMWMm iirs|s5il.|iSig|i
88 91 70 99 11 90 00 31 00 09 87 81 32 06 82 00 89 35 44 19 59 01 15 60 98 62 07 87 24 26 1 339 250 209 442 230 224 484 120 492 101 154 180 605 517 244 205 223 407 152 574 4!)5 3')7 Appro- priation. $521 no 61 3,942 1 Il
11 49 16 13 17 12 15 88 90 20 94 57 50 27 45 46 91 03 73 50 22 00 12 02 .34 30 87 90 59 56 65
3,655 8,524 7,570 5,043 7,765 8,088 8,722 9.774 84,916 44,102 47,706 13,822 17,605 32,749 25,354 15,019 23,903 59,609 21,395 59,619 22,566 15,815 11,611 38,429 46,337 $34,463 103,625 1
72 37 48 30 18 27 26 17 96 19 46 20 29 .56 99 61 57 08 07 76 66 17 37 24 92 08 56 88 1 22
10,196.59 Total. 1,711 8,883 2,420 3,248 9,352 1,304 7,5.52 1,751 7,628 3,267 3,771 6,378 4,321 19,9.56 FUND. 55,457 41,460 20,735 16,076 19,060 44,116 19,076 70,214 43,978 31,013 36,836 $70,865
FEES
1917. During
EHICLirS I
1917.
Totals
to fiipaip'iiiiiiiriiiiiisi
77 74 68 83 99 85 89 71 00 01 48 37 21 71 46 85 34 95 66 74 56 47 75 43 10 38 79 34 71 42 55 460 Total. 1,943 6,245 4,938 6,103 4,322 8,2.53 4,339 9,278 7,466 4,842 6,013 5,4.55 2,228 6,003 9,436 7,380 7,416 9,500 29,458 24,145 12,014 15,492 33,411 15,640 12,369 $13,.597
1917. During
63 59 04 90 98 68 83 99 77 80 80 54 17 87 41 85 31 88 20 06 24 40 70 88 57 78 09 51
1917. 57 32
Totals 1,143 4,968 3,997 5,600 3,180 6,710 3,452 8,620 7,044 1,684 5,953 4,701 2,130 9,423 5.466 7,593 5,515 5,052 8.467 28,2.33 22.218 10,937 10,571 30.219 14,722 $11,126 to
OR
CITY. TOWN liiiiiiii No. 54.] APPENDIX G.
rii!i|iliijlHi!i|siiiiiii!islifl!ii|
gg|ii!5isar^ii5|pH||ii||||s-||p
5S|i§is|Siigiriiii3iSisiiiiSsiiiSi5§iiii
§^|l|i|IIS|i|il|l|l!l|lll|lllll^ ?
HIGHAYAY C0M:\IISSI0X. [Pub. Doc.
2 §^S5S5S?!^§S = SS5^^§;^§§^igSgS ^ -o *^ — uT** — '~--/"*^:/" r>» — 'Vi — * n sM 3 ss. R s g 1 s ||s Is 2 s S g i s = i mil
i M
i
:i '! IjjiJ
J it ^ -
H 1 iisiisiissiiipisiip'i
i 1 IliPilpErlipii^il
3(1 i 75 24 (12 85 00 18 70 20 37 10 20 80 80 84 00 12 31 30 87 04 33 03 (18 !)0 75 37 33 020 283 401 224 030 001 324 ,028 700 442 020 257 2,082 0,148 2,401 1.527 1,133 3,877 $1,144 15,000 02,022 23,000 48.817 10.810 37,800 1 40,(153
28 77 87 33 07 02 40 55 22 75 38 01 00 21 50 29 15 32 14 40 54 00 12 01 4! 40
i 305 278 205 098 181 8,081 1,001 1.750 5,001 0.854 4,530 7,505 2,178 4,207 21,079 43,407 33,002 32,743 32,150 18,302 50.550 10,304 40,245 27.713 11,528 $12,855 5 1 03 73 25 0() 55 20 05 H 08 72 00 87 85 02 03 04 42 00 45 40 03 08 05 03 23 20 no
11,42U 082 005 Dili 535 I'odll. 2,110 1,318 0,200 3,032 1,400 0,001 4,840 7,530 4,504 5,200 18,058 12,100 10,703 30,720 15,000 23,800 24,275 17,551 11,172 18.437 13, 15,()84 $28,003 i
50 14 00 90 28 51 (17 01 31 60 35 85 59 87 59 00 82 38 13 27 53 77 21 77 37 77
507 498 1,940 1.104 0,050 2,745 1,212 5,099 4,047 9,399 7,373 4,055 8,773 4,020 17,510 11,342 15.293 27.250 13,108 15,071 20,392 17,439 11,841 14,187 10,791 P $21,030
iyilliifiiiiiilMll No. 54.] APPENDIX G. 163
-i^igiiiei§ii|-i||ipiiS|ip
ifSSIISilliiigSgiSiSiSgiiiiiggSSSiggii
liiiiiiSiMeiqigSiiiiPiiiiiitiH
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iiilHr^iiii! iiiiiiiiiiiieiiii
^HilHriiiiii iii§iiii§iii§iiiiii
liliilPllllil illilliilllllliipill HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
and be
Amounts assessed on Towns. to Cities ^ ^ ^ ^
isisiiiisiigiSsiiiissiiiiiis under nance Length Mainte- (Miles).
per
Year.
Mile
Cost 1 per
1917.
Total. isiiSllislsSSiiliiSisSiiiiii
IN z
*^ — —" 1 Iljil CO ^ 'co co"
Revenue From 1 «
32 58 15 07 94 12 90 32 00 30 07 33 81 71 82 05 90 67 60 17 99 17 34 24 96 70 23 85
Total ponded. 8,250 0,471 1,366 8,838 2,704 1,310 9,923 ex- 68,227 27,544 42,963 24,971 78,274 51,509 44,138 24,126 48,818 11,911 92,693 39,253 19,188 35,034 35,215 22,480 12,231 $17,953 139,001 128,402 102,637
FUND. Total. mmwwwmm FEES
43 29 89 89 nA 68 27 10 12 71 60 49 11 03 92 62 71 88 73 14 59 74 09 11 17 48 46 00 87 95 499 435 215 947 828 668 COR 1917. 3,162 1,377 During 6,571 1,269 1,611 1,640 1,186 5,847 1,730 2,796 4,209 2,679 4,584 8,983 $2,017 34,740 14.611 16.612 11,798
EHICLES in
V i 1917.
MOTOK Totals
to ||!5iiiiPsli«P«i!!3ii!i :
Amounts Total. ||lil|p|i^l||l|PSIii||lli
32 47 77 76 Uo 18 21 <)0 63 87 19 51 68 02 00 97 30 48 65 70 60 99 54 26 18 46 20 94 Ml 48 129 425 964 965 315 604 114 830 244 536 651 865 1917. During 1,013 1,301 1,535 1,502 1,208 1,020 1,138 1,630 1,391 7,292 2,472 1,376 2,484 $1,588 I,
1917.
Totals
to liiiii|iis^iip|i^iiiiiiiii|
, I" Had
Somerville, Southborot Shnnvsburj Shclburne, Southbridg Sfoughton, Sturbridgo, Sandwich, Somerset, Southampt Stockbridg( Shcflield, Spencer, Stoneham, Russell, Rutland, Salisbury, Scituate, Seekonk, Sudbury, Sterling, Rowley, Saugus, Sharon, Shirley, South Salem, Savoy, No. 54.] APPENDIX G.
S§S|igii»s§"s§Pisiliiilliiiisi|iii
gisisisiiiisiasssiiisiiiisiiisisisiisii
'.
Ij}|iiiiiii5!ii§!iiiii5i|iiii}iiil§iii
iililililPiilliiiii ' iiipiipii
iSiiiijiiasgsiiMiisiBiiiSiiiiiisiii
i!|jMPiiiiMiiiHiM§ii!iiiiiiii§i{SI
M|3|!|!liil3B!iiBiW!55il!iHiiliii!
ijiiiliiiiliiii HIGHWAY COMMISSION. m iiRgiii§ii| m iilililissi u
6 1
lljll
plHiiiia
liPiiiiil
liPSiiiBi
PlHIBil
^3 i
p5 No. 54.] APPENDIX H. 167
Appendix H .
Statement showing the Number of Petitions received and THE Length petitioned for, the Layouts made and their Length and Distribution in the Various Counties of THE Commonwealth.
Petitions Petitions RECEIVED. Layouts made situated in — IN — outs.
counties. hi m
ount: >> otals. otals. otals. umb( own. own. own. o O H 6 H 6 H Eh
Barnstable, 4 57 61 15 15 15 15 128
Berkshire, . 18 12 61 91 2 30 32 2 20 22 136 Bristol, 5 8 54 67 3 18 21 3 16 19 128 Dukes, 3 6 9 6 6 6 6 29 Essex, .... 8 27 61 96 7 26 33 7 20 27 163 Franklin, 2 63 65 18 18 15 15 110
Hampden, . 4 6 36 46 3 17 20 2 11 13 91 Hampshire, 2 7 54 63 1 17 18 1 12 13 92
Middlesex, . 17 27 113 157 9 44 53 7 35 42 209 Nantucket, 1 1 1 1 1 1 14 Norfolk, 4 7 76 87 1 26 27 1 23 24 115
Plymouth, . 8 70 78 1 25 26 1 20 21 149 Suffolk, 8 2 10 3 1 4 3 3 10
Worcester, . 1 9 172 182 3 56 59 3 45 48 289
Totals, . 68 119 826 1,013 33 300 333 30 239 269 1,663
Number of Petitions received, etc. — Concluded.
Lengths Lengths laid out. petitioned counties. FOR. 1894-1916. 1917. totals.
Feet. Miles. Feet. Miles. Feet. Miles. Feet. Miles.
Barnstable, . 794,019 150.38 659,153 124.84 659,153 124.84
Berkshire, . 975,178 184,. 69 538,885 102.07 69,113 13.09 607,998 115.16 Bristol, 900,264 170.51 461,467 87.39 22,387 4.24 483,854 91.63 Dukes, 155,363 29.43 121,449 23.00 182 .03 121,631 23.03
Essex, . 1,225,737 232 . 14 526,713 99.75 6,768 1.28 533,481 101.03 Franklin, 741,727 140.48 402,398 76.21 17,063 3.23 419,461 79.44
Hampden, . 764,613 141.84 304,961 57.76 39,281 7.44 344,242 65.20 Hampshire, 552,989 104.74 269.721 51.08 2,058 .39 271,779 51.47
Middlesex, . 1,915,220 362.71 776.318 147.03 38,216 7.24 814,534 154.27 6". Nantucket, . 34,185 6.47 34,211 48 34,211 6.48 Norfolk, 1,037.272 196.44 388,222 73.53 10,880 2.06 399,102 75.59
Plymouth, . 1,156,334 219.00 624,173 118.22 47,604 9.02 671,777 127.24 Suffolk, 75,095 14.23 38,947 7.38 38,947 7.38
Worcester, . 2,093,779 396.55 951,640 180.24 28,994 5.49 980,634 185.73
Totals, . 12,421,775 2,349.61 6,098,258 1,154.98 282,546 53.51 6.380.804 1,208.49 I -
168 HIGHWAY COMMISSION. [Pub. Doc.
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Appendix J
Appropriations.
Appropriations for the Construction and Repair of State Highways.
1894, chapter 497, section 8, $300,000 00
1895, chapter 347, section 3, 400,000 00
1896, chapter 481, section 3, 600,000 00
1897, chapter 340, section 1, 800,000 00
1898, chapter 539, section 1, 400,000 00
1899, chapter 396, section 1, 500,000 00
1900, chapter 442, section 1, 500,000 00
1901, chapter 269, section 1, . 500,000 00
1902, chapter 246, section 1, 500,000 00
^ 1903, chapter 280, section 1, 2,250,000 00
^ 1907, chapter 446, section 1, 2,500,000 00 ^ 1912, chapter 704, section 1, 5,000,000 00
$14,250,000 00
Appropriations for the Salaries and Expenses of the Commission, paid from the Treasury of the Commonwealth.
1898, chapter 497, section 1, $14,300 00
1899, chapter 367, section 1, 28,500 00
1900, chapter 141, section 1, 2^,500 00
1901, chapter 451, section 1, 33,750 00
1902, chapter 67, section 1, ...... 33,750 00 2 1903, chapters 14 and 485, section 1, . . . . . 43,950 00 2 1904, chapters 19 and 461, section 1, 39,300 00 2 1905, chapters 36, 431 and 480, section 1, . . . . 46,150 00 2 1906, chapters 36 and 140, section 1, 47,484 93 ^ 1907, chapter 157, section 1, 66,950 00 ' 1908, chapter 212, section 1, 76,300 00
1 To cover expense of construction for a period of five years.
- Includes expense of automobile department. 3 Includes expense of moth suppression and automobile department in part. »
No. c4.] APPENDIX J. 177
1 1909, chapter 127, . $47,300 00 1 1910, chapter 139, . 56,250 00 1 1911, chapter 555, section 1, 61,250 00 * 1912, chapter 287, section 1, 61,500 00 2 1913, chapter 35, section 1, 98,500 00 2 1914, chapter 236, section 1, 105,000 00 1915, Special, chapter 183, section 1 104,000 00 2 1916, Special, chapter 208, section 1 103,550 00 2 2 1917, Special, chapter 63, section 1, 115,200 00
Appropriations for Maintenance, paid from the Treasury of the Commonwealth.
1903, chapter 280, section 2, $40,000 00
1904, chapter 316, section 1, 50,000 00
1905, chapter 36, section 1, 60,000 00
1906, chapter 36, section 1, 64,166 66
1907, chapter 157, section 1, 100,000 00
1908, chapters 212 and 657, section 1, 150,000 00
1909, chapters 127 and 493, section 1, 250,000 00
1910, chapter 139, section 1, 200,000 00
1911, chapter 555, section 1, 200,000 00
1912, chapter 287, section 1, 200,000 00
1913, chapter 35, section 1, 200,000 00 3 1914, chapter 346, section 1, 350,000 00 3 1915, chapter 183, section 1, 350,000 00 3 1916, Special, chapter 208, section 1, 415,000 00
1917, Special, chapter 63, section 1, 404,547 86
1 Includes expense of moth suppression. 2 Includes expense of moth suppression and maintenance of Fall River and Newburyport bridges. 3 Includes appropriation for widening.
INDEX.
.
± IS IJ Jli .
A. PAGE
Abstracts of court records in automobile cases, analysis of, . 71,125 41
Appropriations for maintenance, ...... 64, 176 Appropriations for salaries and expenses, .... 176
Appropriations for State highway construction, . 9, 63, 84, 176 33 Asphaltic oils (see Bituminous binders). Assessments, maintenance, on cities and towns, 158
Automobile accidents, ...... 70, 73, 75, 77, 120, 122
Automobile fees and fines, ...... 66, 118, 126 Automobile headlights, ...... 75, 83, 121 Automobile licenses and registrations, ...... 66, 118
Automobile licenses and registrations revoked and suspended, . . 69, 73
Automobile operators, examination of, . 120
Automobiles, legislation concerning, ...... 75, 83
Automobiles, reports of examiners and investigators, . 74, 119
Automobiling, improper, complaints and hearings concerning, . 7, 71 23
B. Barnstable-Mashpee road, ...... 32
Becket-Otis road, ...... 39 Becket-Washington road, ...... 40 Bernardston-Gill road, ...... 42 Bituminous binders, ...... 10, 31 Bonds issued, ...... 8 Boston-Ayer road, ...... 23
Boston, automobile accidents in, . 77 Bridges and culverts, ...... 18
C.
Camp Devens, roads in vicinity of, .... . 23 Cement roads constructed, ...... 10 Claims against commission, ...... 156 Complaints relating to improper automobiling. 7 Construction, expenditures for State highways (see Expenditures). Contract prices on State highway work (see State highways).
Counties, assistance by, on highway work, .... . 20, 21 Court records of automobile cases, analysis of abstracts (see Abstracts). Culverts and bridges (see Bridges) Cummington-Plainfield road, ...... 41 182 INDEX.
PAGE Dalton-Windsor road, ...... 17 Damages, statement of claims for, ...... 156 Deerfield-Goshen road, ...... 42 Dracut-Methuen road, ...... 34
E. Engineering advice to municipalities, ...... 30 Engineering work, office, ...... 9 in, England and Wales, highway work ...... 50 Examination of automobile operators, ...... 67, 119 Examiner's report, automobile, ...... 119 Expenditures: —
For salaries and expenses, ...... 113
For State highway construction, , ...... 8, 85
For State highway maintenance, . . . . .31, 94, 101, 158 On account of Ashburnham road, ...... 114, 116
On account of automobile department, ...... 113
On account of damages, ...... 116
On account of Dracut-Methuen road, ...... 115
On account of examiner's department, ...... 113 On account of Gardner-Rutland road, ...... 115 On account of Hingham road, ...... ,115 On account of insect pests, ...... 127 On account of machinery, ...... 112
On account of Mashpee-Barnstable road, . . . . .114
On account of Milford-Southborough road, . . . • .115
On account of Newburyport and Taunton River bridges, . . . 114
On account of North Brookfield-Barre road, . . . . . 116 On account of Norton-Taunton road, ...... 115
On account of Pelham road, ...... 115
On account of Phillipston-Templeton road, . . . . .116
On account of Plymouth-Bourne road, ...... 115
On accoimt of Revere traffic road, ...... 116
On account of Sale^n road, ...... 116
On account of Salisbury Beach road, ...... 115 On account of Sandwich-Mashpee road, ...... 115
On account of Southbridge-Webster road, . . . . 115,116
On account of Swampscott road, ...... 116 On account of trees on State highways, ...... 127 On account of Truro road, ...... 116 On through routes (chapter 525, Acts of 1910), . . .29, 101, 108
Summary of, ...... 116 Under "small town " act, 29, 89 Under chapter 221, Acts of 1915 (western counties), ... 92
Federal road aid, 32, 44, 65
Fines imposed by courts in automobile cases, . . . . 118, 126
Forester's report, ...... 127 . . .
INDEX. 183
G. PAGE of, Garage records, examination ...... 121 Great Barrington-Sheffield road, ...... 38 H. Hearings, ...... 7 Hingham road, ...... 35 Hinsdale-Worthington road, ...... 40
Hubbardston-Rutland road, ...... 33 Huntington-Cummington road, ...... 40
I. Insect pests, ...... 11, 127
L.
Labor conditions, ...... , . 12, 13
Legislation recommended, ...... 63, 64, 77, 83 Legislative special acts, work done under, ...... 32, 63 Lengths of State highways (see State highways). Location of State highways (see State highways)
M. Main highways, ...... 49, 64
Maintenance, amomits to be assessed on cities and towns, . . . 158
Maintenance, appropriation for, ...... 64, 176 Maintenance, expenditures for (see Expenditures). Marking of motor vehicles owned by Commonwealth, .... 37 Mashpee road (see Barnstable) Milford-Hopkinton road, ...... 34 Military roads discussed, 49 Motor trucks, traffic records, ...... 59 Motor vehicles owned by Federal government, ..... 80 Motor vehicles (see Automobiles) Motor vehicles fees' fund, work done under chapter 525, Acts of 1910, 20,28,65,101.108
Municipalities, engineering advice to, ...... 30 N.
New York City, accidents in, ...... 78 Northampton roads, ...... 17 Northampton-Pittsfield road, ...... 38 North Brookfield to Barre road, ...... 35 Norton-Taunton road, ...... 35
O. Office engineering work, ...... 9 Office expenses, ...... 194 Organization of commission, ...... 5 184 INDEX.
P. PAGE Palmer-Belchertown road, ...... 41 Pelham road, ...... 33 Permits issued, ...... 11 Petitionte for State highway construction received, . . . . .9, 167 Phillipston—Templeton road, ...... 34 Pljonouth-Bourne road, ...... 33 Prices, contract, in 1917, table of (see State highways).
R.
Registration of automobiles. 66, 118 Repairs and maintenance {see Maintenance). Revere traffic road, .... 36
Russell to Blandford road, . 43
S. Salisbury Beach road, .... 115 Sandwich-Mashpee road. 32 Secondary routes, .... 20 "Small town " work, .... 20 28, 168 Southbridge River road. 35 Special regulations relative to motor vehicles, 7, 68 Specifications approved for municipalities. 32 State Forester's report. 127
State highways : — Bonds issued for, .... Character of construction, 10 Condition of. 12
Contract prices during 1917, . 14, 150 Lengths, locations of and cost. 8. 10, 129, 167 Maintenance, .... 31, 158 Resurfacing and widening. 30
Work done in 1917, 8, 10, 11, 145 Surveys, estimates and designs. 9
T. Traffic on State highways, ...... 11 Transportation of materials, ...... 12, 61
Trees on State highways, ...... 11, 127 W. Wales road, ...... 43 Warwick to Orange road, ...... 43 Weight of vehicles discussed, ...... 30
"Western counties " roads, ...... 17,37 Williamsburg-West Chesterfield road, ...... 44 Worcester-Athol road, ...... 42 Worcester to Milford road, ...... 43
