Complete Outfield Dimensions (2024)

I’ve been consistently dismayed at how metrics such as park factors could be calculated when it seems as if the fundamental data for calculating such metrics, the actual size and dimensions of MLB parks, is unknown.

Any diagram or database of park dimensions I’ve found usually has LF, CF, and RF distances measured along with distances from home plate to the power alleys. A typical diagram is the following one of Fenway Park where five “important” distances have been marked.

Complete Outfield Dimensions (1)

The locations of these markings, particularly the power alleys, is extremely inconsistent across the different ballparks. In some parks the power alleys are measured at LCF and RCF (22.5° from each foul line), in other parks it’s where there is a corner in the outfield fence, and in other parks it’s just somewhere. In the Fenway image it’s impossible to tell where exactly any of those markings are and what any of the distances are between them. In any case, these five data points, plus any other distance markings, are not enough to define the shape and size of a ballpark.

We should be able to point in any direction in a ballpark and know the exact distance to the fence. Guessing by examining the proximity to the closest marked spot is insufficient for any real analysis. In order to understand the properties of a ballpark, to, for example, determine the ideal defensive positioning of the outfielders, we need to be able to mathematically define the boundaries, i.e. the location of the outfield fence.

These mathematical formulas defining the outfield fences are exactly what this article presents. If you look to the bottom of this article you’ll see the 30 equations that define the major league outfield fence distances from home plate. The equations are given in polar coordinates in terms of the angle θ from the right field foul line (RF=0°, LF=90°). The resulting distance, r, is given in feet.

The equations are all piecewise functions, with breaks between the sub-functions whenever the outfield wall changes direction. The sub-functions are given by linear functions or ellipses (all mapped to polar coordinates) where appropriate. Some ballparks are more complicated than others and that’s generally reflected in the number of required sub-functions. Some of the functions may seem intimidating, however, I would intend that any analysis with these functions would be done by computer, which makes the number of sub-functions in each piecewise definition generally irrelevant once the equations have been coded.

These equations were determined by examining the diagrams at ESPN Home Run Tracker, as well as park dimension data from Wikipedia, Clem’s Baseball, MLB team pages, and any otherpark diagrams I could find. These sources were not always in agreement and I used my best judgment when these situations arose, however I would guess that the standard error of the fence distance for any angle for any park is only a couple feet. There are also often many more precision digits that appear in the equations than necessary. This is for two reasons. The first reason is that it helps avoid discontinuities when transitioning between the functions and the second reason is that sometimes I just wrote down a lot of digits.

As a simple exercise of what can be done with this type of data, I’ve calculated the areas of the outfields of all the different MLB parks, as well as the respective sizes of left, center, and right field. The results are shown in Table 1 (sortable by clicking any of the header items). As an arbitrary start point, I assumed the outfield started 150 feet away from home plate and that each field spans 30°. Many of these results match our intuition (Yankee Stadium RF is tiny, Comerica Park CF is huge), but we now have numbers assigned to that intuition that can be analyzed.

Table 1: Outfield Areas (x1000 ft2)
CityTeamStadiumOFLFCFRF
ArizonaDiamondbacksChase Field94.128.736.229.2
AtlantaBravesTurner Field94.129.235.329.6
BaltimoreOriolesOriole Park at Camden Yards87.827.134.426.3
BostonRed SoxFenway Park83.521.132.829.6
ChicagoCubsWrigley Field89.726.834.128.8
ChicagoWhite SoxU.S. Cellular Field87.826.534.227.2
CincinnatiRedsGreat American Ball Park87.126.734.526.0
ClevelandIndiansProgressive Field85.625.833.226.6
ColoradoRockiesCoors Field97.330.238.328.8
DetroitTigersComerica Park95.828.539.927.4
HoustonAstrosMinute Maid Park88.623.238.826.6
Kansas CityRoyalsKauffman Stadium97.930.436.930.5
Los AngelesAngelsAngel Stadium89.229.032.727.5
Los AngelesDodgersDodger Stadium91.128.833.828.5
MiamiMarlinsMarlins Park93.428.336.928.3
MilwaukeeBrewersMiller Park91.128.934.627.6
MinnesotaTwinsTarget Field90.428.035.826.6
New YorkMetsCiti Field91.527.136.028.4
New YorkYankeesYankee Stadium87.627.735.624.2
OaklandAthleticsO.co Coliseum88.427.533.427.5
PhiladelphiaPhilliesCitizens Bank Park86.225.734.925.5
PittsburghPiratesPNC Park90.229.833.926.5
San DiegoPadresPETCO Park90.827.935.027.8
San FranciscoGiantsAT&T Park92.227.336.228.7
SeattleMarinersSafeco Field87.827.234.226.4
St. LouisCardinalsBusch Stadium91.128.634.128.4
Tampa BayRaysTropicana Field89.627.436.525.7
TexasRangersGlobe Life Park in Arlington92.728.936.127.7
TorontoBlue JaysRogers Centre91.827.935.927.9
WashingtonNationalsNationals Park88.828.232.827.8

The previous definition of the different fields could be modified or determined based on theintended purpose. For example, for determining the outfield positioning, the relative speed of each fielder would determine the area for which each fielder is responsible. With these equations, those values can be exactly calculated. Also, just because two fields have the same area, does not mean they are of equal difficulty to defend. The shape of the fence determines how accessible the different parts of the area are. Again though, with these equations these shapes and values can be determined.

These equations are limited though in that they only define the outfield in fair play. For further research and to more completely account for different stadiums,the distances from the plate to the fence for all 360° of rotation should be known. Foul territory is a much greater consideration in some parks than others.

And now, the equations.

Arizona Diamondbacks – Chase Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (2)

Atlanta Braves– Turner Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (3)

Baltimore Orioles– Oriole Park at Camden Yards

Complete Outfield Dimensions (4)

Boston Red Sox– Fenway Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (5)

Chicago Cubs– Wrigley Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (6)

Chicago White Sox– U.S. Cellular Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (7)

Cincinnati Reds– Great American Ball Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (8)

Cleveland Indians– Progressive Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (9)

Colorado Rockies– Coors Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (10)

Detroit Tigers– Comerica Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (11)

Houston Astros– Minute Maid Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (12)

Kansas City Royals– Kauffman Stadium

Complete Outfield Dimensions (13)

Los Angeles Angels– Angel Stadium

Complete Outfield Dimensions (14)

Los Angeles Dodgers– Dodger Stadium

Complete Outfield Dimensions (15)

Miami Marlins– Marlins Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (16)

Milwaukee Brewers– Miller Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (17)

Minnesota Twins– Target Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (18)

New York Mets– Citi Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (19)

New York Yankees– Yankee Stadium

Complete Outfield Dimensions (20)

Oakland Athletics– O.co Coliseum

Complete Outfield Dimensions (21)

Philadelphia Phillies– Citizens Bank Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (22)

Pittsburgh Pirates– PNC Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (23)

San Diego Padres– PETCO Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (24)

San Francisco Giants– AT&T Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (25)

Seattle Mariners– Safeco Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (26)

St. Louis Cardinals– Busch Stadium

Complete Outfield Dimensions (27)

Tampa Bay Rays– Tropicana Field

Complete Outfield Dimensions (28)

Texas Rangers– Globe Life Park in Arlington

Complete Outfield Dimensions (29)

Toronto Blue Jays– Rogers Centre

Complete Outfield Dimensions (30)

Washington Nationals– Nationals Park

Complete Outfield Dimensions (31)

Complete Outfield Dimensions (2024)

FAQs

What are the outfield dimensions at Dodger Stadium? ›

Dodger Stadium

Location: 1000 Vin Scully Avenue, Los Angeles, Calif. Dimensions: Left field: 330; Left-center: 385; Center field: 395; Right-center: 385; Right field: 330; From foul pole to the bullpens, the outfield fence is 55 inches high (about 4.5 feet).

What are the outfield dimensions at Fenway Park? ›

Field Dimensions

Fenway Park measures 310 feet (94.5 meters) down the left field line: 379 feet (115.5 meters) in left center field; 390 feet (118.9 meters) in center field; 420 feet (128 meters) in deep center field; 380 feet (115.8 meters) in deep right field; and 302 feet (92 meters) down the right field line.

What are the dimensions of a full size baseball field? ›

Baseball Field Dimensions
Baseline90'60'
Dugout Distance From Foul Line15'6'
Home Plate to Left Field Distance320-350'175'
Home Plate to Center Field Distance400' +225'
Pitching Mound Diameter18'10'
7 more rows

What is the deepest center field in MLB history? ›

One of the oddest features at the Polo Grounds were the deep dimensions in straight away center field. The wall was so far away from home plate, at 483 feet (147 m), that no batter ever hit home runs over it.

Which MLB stadium has the longest outfield? ›

The Colorado Rockies' Coors has the farthest outfield wall in MLB. The field's center field (straightaway) wall is 415 feet from home plate.

Which MLB stadium has the smallest outfield? ›

Fenway Park opened in 1912 and remains the oldest Major League Baseball stadium still in use. The park has the shortest distance of any field in baseball to left field (310 feet) or right field (302 feet).

What is the hardest MLB stadium to hit a homerun? ›

Fenway Park's short dimensions ultimately help batters, but it's not the most home-run-heavy stadium in the league. That honor goes to Coors Field. Even though it is the league's largest ballpark, the altitude in Denver helps sluggers get extra distance on their fly balls.

How big is an MLB outfield? ›

The recommended distances for the outfield are 400ft from the home plate to the centerfield and a minimum off 330ft from the home plate to the end of the foul lines, with the fences rounded out to match the recommended distances.

Who has the biggest field in MLB? ›

By far the biggest playing area in MLB, Colorado's Coors Field is vast in every way. It's one of two MLB stadia with a baseball capacity of over 50,000. Over 1,500 metres above sea level, Coors has a reputation as a major hitters park with the ball carrying a long way off the bat.

What is the oldest baseball stadium still in use? ›

The oldest ballpark is Fenway Park in Boston, home of the Boston Red Sox, which opened in 1912.

What MLB stadium has the lowest elevation? ›

MLB stadium altitudes range from the 5211 feet above sea level of Coors Field to the 20 feet of Philadelphia's Citizen Bank Park. Yet, one must consider that much of the influence of altitudes are de facto calculated in a stadium's park factor as a result of total offensive output by stadium.

Who is the best center field in MLB history? ›

List
RankPlayer (2024 Gs)Games as a center fielder
MLB
1Willie Mays*2,829
2Tris Speaker*2,691
3Steve Finley2,314
86 more rows

What are the new dimensions of the Tigers outfield? ›

For 2023 Opening Day, the center field wall will be adjusted to 412 feet. Additionally, the height of the outfield wall in multiple key areas will be lowered, most notably above the out-of-town scoreboard from 13 feet to seven.

How big is the guaranteed rate field outfield? ›

Guaranteed Rate Field
Field size(2001–present) Left field – 330 ft (100 m) Left-center – 375 ft (114 m) (not posted) Center field – 400 ft (120 m) Right-center – 375 ft (114 m) (not posted) Right field – 335 ft (102 m) Backstop – 60 ft (18 m) Outfield wall height – 8 ft (2.4 m)
SurfaceKentucky Bluegrass
Construction
27 more rows

References

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